BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.    Borowski, Oded. Agriculture in Iron Age Israel. Boston: American Schools of Oriental Research, 2002.

2.    Borowski, Oded. Daily Life in Biblical Times. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2003.

3.    Borowski, Oded. Every Living Thing: Daily Use of Animals in Ancient Israel. London: AltaMira Press, 1998.

4.    King, Philip J. and Stager Lawrence E. Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2001.

5.    MacDonald, Nathan. What Did the Ancient Israelites Eat? Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2008.

6.    Arav, Rami. “Hermon, Mount,” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, 3, 158-160. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

7.    Bates, Robert D., Jeff Hudon, and Øystein Sakala LaBianca, “Tall Hisban 2011-2012: The Final Seasons of Phase II.” Andrews University Seminary Studies 52 (2 2014): 287-319.

8.    LaBianca Ø S. LaBianca, “Community Archaeology at Tall Hisban,” Andrews University Seminary Studies 2017;55(1):5-27.

9.    Ray, P. J. Tell Hesban and Vicinity in the Iron Age. Hesban 6; Berrien Springs, Mich. 2001.

10.    Younker, R. et al. “Preliminary Report on the 2009 Season of the Madaba Plains Project: Tall Jalul Excavations 2009,” ADAJ 53 (2009) 27-34.

11.    PhilipDrey, “Beth-Arbel.” Eerdman's Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David N. Freedman and Allen C. Myers, 169. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eedmans Publishing Co., 2000.

12.    Abusarhan, Mohammad, Zuhair S. Amr, Manal Ghattas, et. al. “Grasshoppers and locusts (Orthoptera: Caelifera) from the Palestinian territories at the Palestine Museum of Natural History” Zoology & Ecology, vol. 27, no. 2, (June 2017): 143-155.

13.    “Locust,” In John H. Walton, David W. Baker, and Daniel I. Block, Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.

14.    Youngblood, Ronald F. "Locust," In Nelson's Illustrated Bible Dictionary: New and Enhanced Edition. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2014.

15.    Barnett, Richard. The Assyrian Palace Reliefs and Their Influence on the Sculptures of Babylonia and Persia. London: Batchworth Press Limited, 1995.

16.    Cantrell, Deborah. The Horsemen of Israel: Horses and Chariotry in Monarchic Israel (Ninth-Eighth Centuries B.C.E.). Winona Lakes: Eisenbraun, 2011.

17.    Dorsey, David A. The Roads and Highways of Ancient Israel. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University, 1991.

18.    King, Philip J. and Lawrence E. Stage. Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2001.

19.    Koehler, Ludwig and Walter Baumgartner. 2001. The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament New York: E.J. Brill.

20.    Wapnish, Paul. 1997. "Camels." In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, edited by Eric M. Meyers, New York: Oxford University.     

21.    Rickman, G. E. "Toward a Study of Roman Ports," In A. Raban, ed., Harbour Archeology, 1. International Workshop Of Ancient Mediterranean Harbours, BAR International Series 257, (1985) 105-114.

22.    Rowell Jr., Edmon L. “Sojourner.” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman, 1235, 1236. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000.

23.    Spencer, John R. “Sojourner.” The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, 103, 104, vol. 6. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

24.    Hawthorne, Gerald F. and Ralph P. Martin, eds. Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1993.

25.    Craig A. Evans and Stanley E. Porter, eds., Dictionary of New Testament Background (Downers Gtove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity Press, 2000).

26.    “Clothing,” In The Baker Illustrated Bible Dictionary, edited by Tremper Longman III, Grand Rapids: Baker, 2013.

27.    Edwards, Douglas R. “Dress and Ornamentation.” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David N. Freedman, vol. 2, pp. 232-238, New York: Doubleday, 1992.

28.    Fine, Steven. “How Do You Know a Jew When You See One? Reflections on Jewish Costume in the Roman World.” In Fashioning Jews: Clothing, Culture, and Commerce, edited by Leonard J. Greenspoon, 19-27, West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press, 2013.

29.    Harrison, Roland K. and Edwin M. Yamauchi, “Clothing,” Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical and Post-biblical Antiquity, edited by Edwin M. Yamauchi and Marvin R. Wilson, 328-331, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers, 2014.

30.    Wilson, Marvin R. and Seth M. Rodriquez, “Hair,” Dictionary of Dily Life in Biblical and Post-biblical Antiquity, edited by Edwin M. Yamauchi and Marvin R. Wilson, 389, 390, Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers, 2015.

31.    Bradley, K. R. Slaves and Mastersin the Roman Empire: A Study in Social Control. Bruxelles: Latomus, 1984.

32.    Coleman-Norton, Paul Robinson. “Studies in Roman Economic and Social History.” in The Apostle Paul and the Roman Law of Slavery, edited by Paul Robinson Coleman-Norton. Freeport: Princeton University Press, 1951.

33.    Ferguson, Everett. Backgrounds of Early Christianity. 3rd ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003.

34.    Hengel, Martin. Crucifixion in the Ancient World and the Folly of the Message of the Cross. 1st American ed. Philadelphia:Fortress Press, 1977.

35.    Cline, Eric H. ed. The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).

36.    Rivan Menezes dos Santos, Rivan, Monde égéen et Syrie-Palestine dans le contexte des relations en Orient au cours de l’Helladique récent (XVe-XIIIe siècles av. J.-C.) (Grenoble: ANRT, 2004).

37.    Crowell, B. L. “Nabonidus, as Sela˓, and the Beginning of the End of Edom” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 348 (2007): 75-88.

38.    Edelman, D. V. You Shall Not Abhor an Edomite for He Is Your Brother: Edom and Seir in     History and Tradition, edited by D. Vikander Edelman. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1995.

39.    Hasel, Michael G. “Domination and Resistance: Egyptian Military Activity in the Southern Levant, 1300–1185 BC” Probleme der Ägyptologie 11, 217–239. Leiden: Brill, 1998.

40.    LaBianca, Ø. S. and R. W. Younker, R. W. “The Kingdoms of Ammon, Moab and Edom: The Archaeology of Society in the Late Bronze/Iron Age Transjordan (ca. 1400-500 BCE)” in The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. edited by T. E. Levy, 399-415. New York: Facts on File, 1995.

41.    Velázquez, E. An Archaeological Reading of Malachi. Ph.D. Dissertation, Andrews University, 2008.

42.    Cline, Eric H. ed. The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).

43.    Rivan Menezes dos Santos, Rivan, Monde égéen et Syrie-Palestine dans le contexte des relations en Orient au cours de l’Helladique récent (XVe-XIIIe siècles av. J.-C.) (Grenoble: ANRT, 2004).

44.    Aḥituv, Shmuel. 2008. Echoes from the Past: Hebrew and Cognate Inscriptions from the Biblical Period. Jerusalem: Carta.

45.    King, Philip J. and Lawrence E. Stager. 2001. Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press.

46.    Kletter, Raz. 1991. "The Inscribed Weights of the Kingdom of Judah." Tel Aviv 18, no. 2: 121-163. 

47.    Andre Lemaire, 2004. "Hebrew Inscriptions. Section A: Ostraca and Incised Inscriptions," The Renewed Archaeological Excavations at Lachish (1974-1994), 2099-2132. D. Ussishkin. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass.

48.    Lemaire, André and Pascal Vernus. 1983. "L'Ostracon Paléo-Hébreu No. 6 de Tell Qudeirat (Qadesh Barnéa)," Fontes Atque Pontes: Eine Festgabe für Hellmut Brunner, 302-326. Manfred Görg ed. (Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. 

49.    Scott, R.B.Y. 1958. "The Hebrew Cubit." Journal of Biblical Literature 77, no. 3: 205-214. 

50.    Stager, Lawrence B. 2008. "Tel Ashkelon," In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, vol. 5, 1578-1586. Washington, D.C.: Biblical Archaeology Society.

51.    Stern, Ephraim. 2001. Archaeology of the Land of the Bible: the Assyrian, Babylonian and Persian periods (732-332 B.C.E.), vol. 2. New York: Doubleday.

52.    Allen, Leslie C. “Circumcision,” In New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology & Exegesis, vol. 4, 474-476. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1997).

53.    Bloch-Smith, Elizabeth. “Israelite Ethnicity in Iron I: Archaeology Preserves What Is
Remembered and What Is Forgotten in Israel’s History.” JBL 122 no. 3 (2003): 401-425.

54.    Averbeck, R. E. “Leviticus: Theology of,” In New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology & Exegesis, vol. 4, 907-923. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1997.

55.    Gane, Roy. Cult and Character: Purification Offerings, Day of Atonement, and Theodicy Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2005.

56.    Gane, Roy. Leviticus and Numbers. NIVAC. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004.

57.    Morales, L. Michael. Who Shall Ascend the Mountain of the Lord?: A Biblical Theology of the Book of Leviticus, edited by D. A. Carson, New Studies in Biblical Theology, vol. 37. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2015.

58.    Shea, William H. “Literary Form and Theological Function in Leviticus,” In The Seventy Weeks, Leviticus, and the Nature of Prophecy, edited by Frank B. Holbrook, 131-167. Daniel and Revelation Committee Series. Washington, DC: Biblical Research Institute, 1986.

59.    Treiyer, A. El día de la expiación y la purificación del Santuario. Buenos Aires: Asociación Casa Editora Sudamericana, 1988.

60.    Carpenter, E. E. “Sacrifices and Offerings in the OT.” In The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley, (1988): 260–273. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.

61.    Collins, John J. “The Meaning of Sacrifice: a Contrast of Methods.” Biblical Research 22 (1977): 19–34.

62.    Gane, Roy. Leviticus and Numbers. NIVAC. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004.

63.    Janzen, David. The Social Meanings of Sacrifice in the Hebrew Bible: A Study of Four Writings. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2004.

64.    Kidner, Derek. “Sacrifice—Metaphors and Meaning.” Tyndale Bulletin 33 (1982): 119–36.

65.    Milgrom, Jacob. Leviticus 1–16: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. Anchor Yale Bible 3 (2008). New Haven: Yale University Press.

66.    Pardee, Dennis and Theodore J. Lewis. Ritual and Cult at Ugarit. Writings from the Ancient World, 10 (2002). Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.

67.    Rodriguez, Angel M. “Transfer of Sin in Leviticus,” in The Seventy Weeks, Leviticus, and the Nature of Prophecy. Frank B. Holbrook, ed. Daniel and Revelation Committee Series. Washington, DC: Biblical Research Institute of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, 3 (1986): 180–196.

68.    Wright, D. P. “The Gesture of Hand Placement in the Hebrew Bible and in Hittite Literature.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 106 (1986): 443-446.

69.    Wold, Donald J. Out of Order: Homosexuality in the Bible and the Ancient Near East, 56. Grand Rapids: Baker Books Publishing Co., 1998.

70.    Springett, Ronald M. Homosexuality in History and the Scriptures, 34. Silver Spring, Md.: Biblical Research Institute, 1988.

71.    Wold, Donald J. p. 56.

72.    Wold, Donald J. p. 59.

73.    Wold, Donald J. pp. 57, 59.

74.    Wold, Donald J. pp.47-58; Springett, pp. 40, 41.

75.    Wold, p. 48.

76.    Teppo, Saana. "Sacred Marriage and the Devotees of Ishtar," in Sacred Marriages: The Divine-Human Sexual Metaphor From Sumer to Early Christianity, edited by Marti Nissinen and Risto Uro, 76. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2008.

77.    Teppo, Saana. p. 85.

78.    Teppo, Saana. p. 77.

79.    Teppo, Saana., p. 81. In her article Kathleen McCaffrey, "Reconsidering Gender Ambiguity in Mesopotamia: Is a Beard Just a Beard?" in Sex and Gender in the Ancient Near East: Proceedinga of the 47th Rencontre Assyriologique, Simo Parpola and Robert Whiting,eds. (Helsinki: Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2002), pp 379-391, argues that those males who took on a female role would be considered a third gender in their society.

80.    James B. De Young, Homosexuality: Contemporary Claims Examined in the Light of the Bible and Other Ancient Literature and Law (Grand Rapids: Kregel Publications, 2000), p. 252.

81.    Springett, pp 97, 98. Cf. Robert A. J. Gagnon, The Bible and Homosexual Practice: Texts and Hermeneutics (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2001), pp. 353, 354. Anthony C. Thiselton, The First Epistle to the Corinthians, The New International Greek Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 2000), p. 452, declares: "Paul witnessed around him both abusive relationships of power or money and examples of 'genuine love' between males. We must not misunderstand Paul's 'worldly' knowledge."

82.    James B. De Young, p. 257.

83.    James B. De Young, p. 246.

84.    Babcock, Bryan C. Sacred Ritual: A Study of the West Semitic Ritual Calendars in Leviticus 23 and the Akkadian Text Emar 446. Bulletin for Biblical Research Supplement 9. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2014.

85.    Bergen, Wesley J. Reading Ritual. Leviticus in Postmodern Culture. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series 417. London: T & T Clark International, 2005.

86.    Gruenwald, Ithamar. Rituals and Ritual Theory in Ancient Israel. Brill Reference Library of Ancient Judaism 10. Leiden: Brill, 2003.

87.    Klingbeil, Gerald A. Bridging the Gap: Ritual and Ritual Texts in the Bible. Bulletin for Biblical Research Supplements 1. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2007.

88.    Klingbeil, Gerald A, “‘Between North and South’: The Archaeology of Religion in Late Bronze Age Palestine and the Period of the Settlement,” In Critical Issues in Early Israelite History, edited by Richard S. Hess, Gerald A. Klingbeil and Paul J. Ray, Jr., 111-150, Bulletin for Biblical Research Supplements 3. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2008. 

89.    Klingbeil, Gerald A, “‘Of Clocks and Calendars’: The Cohesive Function of Time in Biblical Ritual.” Biblische Zeitschrift 55 (2011): 21-34.

90.    Harrison, R. K. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. Geoffrey W. Bromiley et al., fully rev., 644, vol. 2. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1982.

91.    Lambert, Wilfred G. Babylonian Wisdom Literature, 215 iii 13–16. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1996. 

92.    Moskala, Jiří. The Laws of Clean and Unclean Animals in Leviticus 11: Their Nature, Theology, and Rationale. An Intertextual Study. Berrien Springs, MI: Adventist Theological Society, 2000.

93.    Moskala, Jiří, “The Validity of the Levitical Food Laws of Clean and Unclean Animals: A Case Study of Biblical Hermeneutics,” Journal of the Adventist Theological Society 22, no. 2 (2015): 3–31.

94.    Mueller, Eike. “Cleansing the Common: A Narrative-intertextual Study of Mark 7:1–23” ThD diss., Andrews University, 2015.

95.    Matheson, Carney D., Kim K. Vernon, Arlene Lahti, Renee Fratpietro, Mark Spigelman, Shimon Gibson, Charles Greenblatt, et al. “Molecular Exploration of the First-Century Tomb of the Shroud in Akeldama, Jerusalem.” PLoS ONE 4. (2009) https://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008319

96.    Robbins, Gwen, V. M. Tripathy, V. N. Misra, R. K. Mohanty, V. S. Shinde, et al. “Ancient Skeletal Evidence for Leprosy in India (2000 B.C.).” PLoS ONE 4. (2009) https://doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005669

97.    Beckwith, Roger and Martin Selman, eds. Sacrifice in the Bible (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1995). 

98.    Gane, Roy E. “Leviticus,” In Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary: Old Testament, edited by John H. Walton, 284-337. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.

99.    Hallo, William W. and K. Lawson Younger, 3 vols. The Context of Scripture. Leiden: Brill, 1997-2002.

100.    Milgrom, Jacob Leviticus 1-16: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary. Anchor Bible 3. New York: Doubleday, 1991.

101.    Wright, David P. The Disposal of Impurity: Elimination Rites in the Bible and Hittite and Mesopotamian Literature. Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation, Series 101. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1987.

102.    Briant, P. From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002.

103.    Andamaev, Muhammad A. and Vladimir Lukonin. The Culture and Social Institutions of Ancient Iran. Trans. Philip L. Kohl. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

104.    Henkelman, Wouter. The Other Gods Who Are: Studies in Elamite-Iranian Acculturation     Based on the Persepolis Fortification Texts Achaemenid History 14. Leiden: Nederland’s Institute voor het Nabije Oosten, 2008.

105.    Mousavi, Ali. Persepolis: Discovery and Afterlife of a World Wonder. Kindle Edition: De Gruyter, 2012.

106.    Garrison, Mark B. and Margaret Cool Root, Seals on the Persepolis Fortification Tablets I: Images of Heroic Encounter. Oriental Institute Publications 117. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.

107.    Henkelman, Wouter. The Other Gods Who Are: Studies in Elamite-Iranian Acculturation Based on the Persepolis Fortification Texts Achaemenid History 14, Leiden: Nederlands Institute voor het Nabije Oosten, 2008.

108.    Mousavi, Ali. Persepolis: Discovery and Afterlife of a World Wonder, De Gruyter, 2012, Kindle.

109.    Silverman, Jason M. Persepolis and Jerusalem: Iranian Influence on the Apocalyptic Hermeneutic. London: T&T Clark, 2012.

110.    O. Keel, “Iconography and the Bible,” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by D. N Freedman. vol. 3, 358-374. New York: Doubleday, 1992. 

111.    O. Keel, The Symbolism of the Biblical World: Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms, trans. T. J. Hallet. New York: Seabury, 1978.

112.    O. Keel and C. Uehlinger, Gods, Goddesses, and Images of God in Ancient Israel, trans. T. H. Trapp. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1998.

113.    M. G. Klingbeil, Yahweh Fighting from Heaven. God as a Warrior and as God of Heaven in the Hebrew Psalter and Ancient Near Eastern Iconography, OBO169. Fribourg and Göttingen: University Press and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1999.

114.    Atac, Mehmet-Ali. “The Melammu as Divine Epiphany and Usurped Entity.” In Ancient Near Eastern Art in Context: Studies in Honor of Irene J, edited by Winter, Jack Cheng and Marian H. Feldman, 295-313. Leiden: Brill, 2007. 

115.    Black, J. A., G. Cunningham, E. Fluckiger-Hawker, E. Robson, and G. Zólyomi. “Enki and Ninmah: Translation.” The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature. Accessed May 26, 2019. http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section1/tr112.htm. 

116.    Collins, John J. “Cosmology: Time and History.” In Religions of the Ancient World: A Guide, edited by Sarah Iles Johnston Cambridge, 59-70. MA: Harvard University Press, 2004. 

117.    “Cosmic Chemistry: Cosmogony.” Genesis: Search for Origins. Accessed April 4, 2019. 

118.    https://genesismission.jpl.nasa.gov/educate/scimodule/Cosmogony/CosmogonyPDF/CosCosmolTT.pdf.

119.    Görke, Susanne. “Hints at Temple Topography and Cosmic Geography from Hittite Sources.” In Heaven on Earth: Temples, Ritual, and Cosmic Symbolism in the Ancient World, edited by Deena Ragavan, 41-54. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 2013. 

120.    Hallo, William W. The World’s Oldest Literature: Studies in Sumerian Belles-Lettres. Leiden: Brill, 2010. 

121.    Hart, George. The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses. London: Routledge, 2005.

122.    Hasel, Gerhard F. “Significance of the Cosmology in Genesis 1 in Relation to Ancient Near Eastern Parallels.” AUSS 10 (1972): 1-20.

123.    Hasel, Gerhard F, “The Polemical Nature of the Genesis Cosmology.” Evangelical Quarterly 46 (1974): 81-102. 

124.    Hermann, W. “Baal,” in Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible. Karel van der Toorn, edited by Bob Becking, and Pieter Willem van der Horst, 132-130. Leiden: Brill, 1999. 

125.    Horowitz, Wayne. Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1998. 

126.    Johnston, Gordon H. “Genesis 1 and Ancient Egyptian Creation Myths.” Bibliotheca Sacra 165 (April–June 2008): 178–94. 

127.    Mare, W. H. “Cosmogony, Cosmology.” In The Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible, vol. 1, 1035-1044. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.

128.    Mark, Joshua J. “The Atrahasis Epic: The Great Flood & the Meaning of Suffering.” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Accessed March 6, 2011. https://www.ancient.eu/article/227/the-atrahasis-epic-the-great-flood--the-meaning-of/.

129.    Mark, Joshua J. “Ma’at.” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Accessed September 15, 2016. https://www.ancient.eu/Ma%27at/. 

130.    Mark, Joshua J. “Yamm.” Ancient History Encyclopedia. Accessed November 4, 2018. https://www.ancient.eu/Yamm/. 

131.    McGeough, Kevin M. “Cosmology, Near East.” Oxford Bibliographies. Last modified February 22, 2018. http://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195393361/obo-9780195393361-0201.xml.

132.    Ragavan, Deena. “Heaven on Earth: Temples, Ritual, and Cosmic Symbolism in the Ancient World,” In Heaven on Earth: Temples, Ritual, and Cosmic Symbolism in the Ancient World, edited by Deena Ragavan, 1-16. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 2013.

133.    Talon, Philippe, ed. The Standard Babylonian Creation Myth: Enuma Elish. State Archives of Assyria Cuneiform Texts 4. Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2006.

134.    “The Map of the World.” The British Museum. Accessed April 10, 2019. https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=362000&partId=1&searchText=babylon+clay+tablet+map+of+the+world&page=1

135.    Vos, R. L. “Atum,” In Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible, edited by Karel van der Toorn, Bob Becking, and Pieter Willem van der Horst, 119–124. Leiden: Brill, 1999.

136.    Montagu, Jeremy. Musical Instruments of the Bible. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2002.

137.    Ruth Midgley, Musical Instruments of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia by the Diagram Group. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., 1997.

138.    The Montagu collection, printed in the book Musical Instruments of the Bible, by Jeremy Montagu, Scarecrow Press. Lanham, Md., & London, 2002.

139.    Anderson, Gary A., “Worship, Israelite,” in Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman, 1389-1391. 

140.    Gane, R. E., “Worship, Sacrifice, and Festivals in the Ancient Near East,” in Behind the Scenes of the Old Testament: Cultural, Social, and Historical Contexts, edited by Jonathan S. Greer, John W. Hilber, and John H. Walton, 361-367. 

141.    Powell, M. A., “Worship, New Testament,” in Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman), 1391, 1392. 

142.    Price, Randall and H. Wayne House. Zondervan Handbook of Biblical Archaeology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2017.

143.    Frier, Bruce W. and Thomas AJ. Mcginn. A Casebook on Roman Family Law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.

144.    Gardner, Jane F. Family and Familia in Roman Law and Life. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1998.

145.    Lindsay, Hugh. Adoption in the Roman World. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

146.    Lampe, Peter. "The Family of New Testament Times," In Church and Society 84 (1993): 2l.

147.    Rawson, Beryl. "The Roman Family,". In The Family in Ancient Rome, edited by Beryl Rawson, (1986): 1-57. London: Croom Helm. 

148.    Idem. "Children in the Roman Familia" In The Family in Ancient Rome, edited by Beryl Rawson, (1986): 170-200. London: Croom Helm.

149.    Walters, James. Paul in the Greco-Roman World, edited by J. Paul Sampley. Harrisburg, Penn.: Ttinity Press International, 2003.

150.    Lawrence Stager, “Tel Ashkelon,” New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, vol. 5, 1578-1586. Washington⨪

151.    Borowski, Oded. Every living thing: daily use of animals in ancient Israel. Walnut Creek, Calif.: AltaMira Press, 1998.

152.    Finkelstein, Israel and Neil A. Silberman. The Bible Unearthed. New York: The Free Press, 2001.

153.    Sapir-Hen, Lidar and Erez Ben-Yosef. "The introduction of domestic camels to the southern Levant: evidence from the Aravah Valley" Tel Aviv 40 (2013): 278–285.

154.    Younker, Randall W. “Late Bronze Age Camel Petroglyphs in the Wadi Nasib, Sinai,” Near east archaeological society bulletin 42 (1997): 47–54.

155.    The Amarna Letters. Translated and edited by William L. Moran. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.

156.    Nadav Naʼaman, “David's sojourn in Keilah in light of the Amarna letters.” Vetus Testamentum 60, no. 1 (2010): 87-97.

157.    J. J. Bimson and others, eds., New Bible Atlas (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2005).

158.    Anson F. Rainey and R. Steven Notley, The Sacred Bridge (Jerusalem: Carta, 2014).

159.    Abujaber, Raouf Sa’d. Pioneers Over Jordan: The Frontier of Settlement in Transjordan, 1850-1914. Second ed. London: I. B. Tauris & Co, 1989. 

160.    Abujaber, Raouf Sa’d and Felicity Cobbing, Beyond the River: Ottoman Transjordan in Original Photographs. London: Stacey International, 2005. 

161.    Bienkowski, Piotr, Eveline J. van der Steen, and Eveline J. “Tribes, Trade, and Towns: A New Framework for the Late Iron Age in Southern Jordan and the Negev.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 323 (2001): 21-47. 

162.    Homan, Michael M. To Your Tents, O Israel! The Terminology, Function, Form, and Symbolism of Tents in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 12. Leiden: Brill, 2002. 

163.    Jabbur, Jibrail S. The Bedouins and the Desert: Aspects of Nomadic Life in the Arab East. Translated from Arabic by Lawrence I. Conrad. Albany: State University of New York, 1995. 

164.    Keohane, Alan. Bedouin: Nomads of the Desert. London: Kyle Cathie, 2003. 

165.    LaBianca, Oystein S. “Subsistence Pastoralism.” In Near Eastern Archaeology: A Reader, edited by Suzanne Richard, 116-123. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.

166.    Nevins, Edward and Theon Wright, World without Time: The Bedouin. New York: John Day, 1969.

167.    Steven A. Rosen, Revolutions in the Desert: The Rise of Mobile Pastoralism in the Southern Levant. New York: Routledge, 2017. 

168.    Rosen, Steven A. and Gidon Avni. “The Edge of the Empire: The Archaeology of Pastoral Nomads in the Southern Negev Highlands in Late Antiquity.” Biblical Archaeologist 56/4 (1993): 189-199. 

169.    Van der Steen, Eveline J. Tribes and Territories in Transition. The Central East Jordan Valley in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age: A Study of the Sources. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 130. Leuven: Peeters, 2004. 

170.    Van der Steen, Eveline J., Near Eastern Tribal Societies during the Nineteenth Century: Economy, Society and Politics between Tent and Town. Approaches to Anthropological Archaeology. London: Equinox and Routledge, 2013.

171.    Jensen, Hans Arne. Plant World of the Bible. Bloomington. Ind.: AuthorHouse, 2012.

172.    Black, Jeremy and Anthony Green. Gods, Demons, and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992.

173.    Smith, Dennis E., Meals in the Early Christian World (New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2012).

174.    L. Michael White, The Social Origins of Christian Architecture (Valley Forge: Trinity Press, 1990).

175.    Allan J. McNicol, “Lord’s Supper,” in Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, David N. Freedman, ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp. 822-824.

176.    Keener, Craig S. 2014. Acts: An Exegetical Commentary, vol 3 (2014) Grand Rapids: Baker. 

177.    Hawthorne, Gerald F. and Ralph P. Martin, eds. Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship, Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1993.

178.    Gabucci, Ada ed. The Colosseum. J. California, LA: Paul Getty Museum, 2000.

179.    Gardiner, Edward Norman, Athletics in the Ancient World. Chelmsford, MA: Courier Corporation, 2002.

180.    Gardiner, Edward Norman, Greek Athletic Sports and Festivals. Brown Reprints, 1970.

181.    Kyle, Donal G. Spectacles of Death in Ancient Rome. UK: Psychology Press, 1998.

182.    Pucci, Michael S. “Circuses and Games,” In Dictionary of New Testament Background, edited by Craig A. Evans and Stanley E. Porter, 209-212. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2000.

183.    Rivas, Abelardo. "A Comparative Study of the Architectural Features of the Temples of Nabu, Ishtar, and Kidmuri with the Ritual Practices in Relation to These Deities." Paper presented at the American Schools of Oriental Research national meetings, San Francisco, CA., November 2011.

184.    Rodgers, Nigel and Hazel Dodge. Roman Empire. Metro Books, 2008.

185.    Staccioli, R.A. Ancient Rome. Roma: Vision Publishers, 2000.

186.    Wheeler, Mortimer. Roman Art and Architecture. New York: F.A. Praeger. 1976.

187.    Freedman, David N., ed. Eerdman's Dictionary of the Bible. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2000.

188.    van den Brink, Edwin C. M., Orit Segal, and Uzi A. "A Late Bronze Age II Repository of Cultic Paraphernalia from the Environs of Tel Qashish." In Jens Kamlah, Temple building and temple cult. Harrassowitz: Deutcher Verein zur Erfoschung Palastinas, (2012) 421–434.

189.    Velázquez, Efrain. An Archaeological Reading of Malachi. Ph.D. Dissertation, Andrews University, 2008.

190.    Cline, Eric H. ed. The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).

191.    King, Philip J. and Lawrence E. Stager. 2001. Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press.

192.    William G. Dever, The Lives of Ordinary People in Ancient Israel: Where Archaeology and the Bible Intersect (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012).

193.    Kristine Garroway, Children in the Ancient Near Eastern Household (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2014).

194.    Albertz, Rainer, et. al.. eds. Family and Household Religion: Toward a Synthesis of Old Testament Studies, Archaeology, Epigraphy, and Cultural Studies (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2014).

195.    Alan H. Gardiner, The Admonitions of an Egyptian Sage, from a Hieratic Papyrus in Leiden (Pap. Leiden 344 recto) (Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1909), p. 27.

196.    Pablo Martín Rosell, “Las Admoniciones de Ipuwer. Literatura política y sociedad en el Reino Medio egipcio” (Doctoral Thesis, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, Argentina, 2013), p. 301.

197.    Bimson, J. J. et al, eds., New Bible Atlas. 

198.    Rainey, A. F. and R. S. Notley., The Sacred Bridge.

199.    Borowski, O., Every living thing: daily use of animals in ancient Israel. 

200.    Finkelstein, I. and N. A. Silberman., The Bible Unearthed. 

201.    Sapir-Hen, L. and E. Ben-Yosef., “The introduction of domestic camels to the southern Levant: evidence from the Aravah Valley” Tel Aviv 40, 278–285.

202.    Younker, R. W., “Late Bronze Age Camel Petroglyphs in the Wadi Nasib, Sinai,” Near east archaeological society bulletin 42, 47–54.

203.    A. Siliotti, The Pyramids (Vercelli, Italy: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1997).

204.    Steven Snape, Ancient Egyptian Tombs: The Culture of Life and Death (Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011).

205.    Edwin M. Yamauchi, “Obelisks and Pyramids,” The Near East Archaeological Society Bulletin, Winter 1985 24 (1985): 113-115.

206.    Clutton-Brock, Juliet. Horse Power: A History of the Horse and the Donkey in Human Societies, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992. 

207.    Klingbeil, Gerald A. “rkš and Esther 8, 10.14: A Semantic Note.” Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 107 (1995): 301-303.

208.    Klingbeil, Gerald A, “‘Man’s Other Best Friend’: The Interaction of Equids and Man in Daily Life in Iron Age II Palestine as Seen in Texts, Artifacts, and Images.” Ugarit-Forschungen 35 (2003): 259-290.

209.    Klingbeil, Gerald A, “Methods and Daily Life: Understanding the Use of Animals in Daily Life in a Multi-Disciplinary Framework.” In Methods and Daily Life: Understanding the Use of Animals in Daily Life in a Multi-Disciplinary Framework, edited by Richard Averbeck, David B. Weisberg and Mark W. Chavalas, (2003): 401–433. Bethesda, Md.: CDL Press.

210.    Köpp-Junk, Heidi. Reisen im Alten Ägypten: Reisekultur, Fortbewegungs- und Transportmittel in pharaonischer Zeit. Göttinger Orientforschungen: IV. Reihe: Ägypten 55. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2015.

211.    Way, Kenneth C. Donkeys in the Biblical World: Ceremony and Symbol. History, Archaeology, and Culture of the Levant 2. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

212.    Altmann, Peter and Janling Fu, eds., Feasting in the Archaeology and Texts of the Bible and the Ancient Near East. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2014.

213.    Jenks, Alan W. “Eating and Drinking in the Old Testament,” In Anchor Bible Dictionary. Edited by David Noel Freedman, vol. 2, 250-254. New York: Doubleday, 1992). 

214.    Klingbeil, Gerald A. “‘Momentaufnahmen’ of Israelite Religion: The Importance of the Communal Meal in Narrative Texts in I/II Regum and their Ritual Dimension.” Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 118 (2006): 22-45.

215.    Schmitt, Eleonore. Das Essen in der Bibel. Literaturethnologische Aspekte des Alltäglichen. Studien zur Kulturanthropologie 2. Münster-Hamburg: LIT Verlag, 1994. 

216.    Abujaber, R. S., Pioneers Over Jordan: The Frontier of Settlement in Transjordan, 1850-1914. 

217.    Abujaber, R. S. and F. Cobbing., Beyond the River: Ottoman Transjordan in Original Photographs. 

218.    Bienkowski, P. and E. J. van der Steen. “Tribes, Trade, and Towns: A New Framework for the Late Iron Age in Southern Jordan and the Negev.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 323, 21-47.

219.    Homan, M. M., To Your Tents, O Israel! The Terminology, Function, Form, and Symbolism of Tents in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 12. 

220.    Jabbur, J. S., The Bedouins and the Desert: Aspects of Nomadic Life in the Arab East. Translated from Arabic by Lawrence I. Conrad. 

221.    Keohane, A., Bedouin: Nomads of the Desert. 

222.    LaBianca, O. S., “Subsistence Pastoralism,” in Near Eastern Archaeology: A Reader, edited by Suzanne Richard, 116-123.

223.    Nevins, E., and T. Wright., World without Time: The Bedouin. 

224.    Rosen, S. A., Revolutions in the Desert: The Rise of Mobile Pastoralism in the Southern Levant. 

225.    Rosen, S. A. and G. Avni., “The Edge of the Empire: The Archaeology of Pastoral Nomads in the Southern Negev Highlands in Late Antiquity.” Biblical Archaeologist 56/4, 189-199.

226.    Van der Steen, E. J., Tribes and Territories in Transition. The Central East Jordan Valley in the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age: A Study of the Sources. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 130. 

227.    Van der Steen, E. J., Near Eastern Tribal Societies during the Nineteenth Century: Economy, Society and Politics between Tent and Town. Approaches to Anthropological Archaeology. 

228.    Harriet Crawford, Ur: The City of the Moon God. Archaeological Histories. (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015).

229.    Cyrus H. Gordon, “Abraham and the Merchants of Ura,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies 17 (1958): 28-31.

230.    Alan R. Millard, “Where was Abraham’s Ur?” Biblical Archaeology Review 27/3 (2001): 52-53, 57.

231.    H.W.F. Saggs, “Ur of the Chaldees: A Problem of Identification.” Iraq 20 (1960): 200-209.

232.    Marcel Sigrist and Joan Goodnick Westenholz, Joan Goodnick, “Ur—The Primaeval City of Kingship,” in Royal Cities of the Biblical World, edited by Joan Goodnick Westenholz. (Jerusalem: Bible Lands Museum, 1996), pp. 1-49.

233.    Leonard Woolley, Sir Leonard 1955    Excavations at Ur: A Record of Twelve Years’ Work. Revised and expanded by P. R. S. Moorey as Ur “Of the Chaldees” (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, 1982).

234.    K. Gleason, “Gardens in Preclassical Times,” in Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Ancient Near East, ed. E. M. Meyers (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), vol. 2, p. 383. 

235.    Kenneth Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003), p. 429.

236.    Howard Wallace, “Eden, Garden of,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 2, pp. 281-283.

237.    Wapnish, Paula. “Camels.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, edited by Eric E. Meyers, 407, 408, vol. 10. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.    

238.    Zarins, Juris. “Camel.” In The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, 824-826, vol. 1. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

239.    The Amarna Letters. Translated and edited by William L. Moran. 

240.    Naʼaman, N., “David's sojourn in Keilah in light of the Amarna letters.” Vetus Testamentum 60, no. 1, 87-97.

241.    A. Leo Oppenheim, The Interpretation of Dreams in the Ancient Near East: With a Translation of an Assyrian Dream-Book (Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1956).

242.    J. M. Lower, “Dream,” The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, eds. Merril C. Tenney (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1976), vol. 2, pp. 162-164.

243.    Patrick Mazani, “The Book of Daniel in Light of the Ancient Near Eastern Literary and Material Finds: An Archaeological Perspective.” Ph.D. dissertation, Andrews University, 2008.    

244.    Campbell, Ken M. ed. Marriage and Family in the Biblical World. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic, 2003.

245.    Davidson, Richard M. Flame of Yahweh: Sexuality in the Old Testament. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2007.

246.    Hallo, William K. and K. Lawson Younger, eds. The Context of Scripture, 3 vols. Leiden: Brill, 1997-2002.

247.    Westbrook, Raymond. Property and the Family in Biblical Law. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series 113. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1991.

248.    Arnold, Bill T., and H.G.M. Williamson, eds. Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books., 116-118. Downer’s Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2005. 

249.    Jensen, H. A., Plant World of the Bible.

250.    Black, J. and A. Green., Gods, Demons, and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. 

251.    Mazar, Amihai. Archaeology of the Land of the Bible, 10000-586 B.C.E. New Haven/London: Yale University Press, 1992.

252.    Tappy, Ron E. “Shechem,” In Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David N. Freedman, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, 1200-1203. Grand Rapids: W.B. Eerdmans, 2000.

253.    Nigel F. Hepper, Baker Encyclopedia of Bible Plants (Grand Rapids: Baker House, 1992).

254.    Leland Ryken, Tremper Longman III, & James C. Wilhoit, Dictionary of Biblical Imagery (Downer’s Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1998).

255.    Zohary, Michael, Plants of the Bible (Tel-Aviv: Sadan Publishing House Ltd, 1982).

256.    Othmar Keel, The Symbolism of the Biblical World: Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms (New York: The Seabury Press, 1978).

257.    David N. Freedman, “‘Who is like Thee Among the Gods?’ The Religion of Early Israel” in Ancient Israelite Religion.

258.    Moses Aberbach and Leivy Smolar. “Aaron, Jeroboam and the Golden Calves,” Journal of Biblical Literature 86 (1967): 129–140.

259.    Michael B. Hundley, “What Is the Golden Calf?” Catholic Biblical Quarterly 79 (2017): 559–579.

260.    J. Gerald Janzen. “The Character of the Golden Calf and Its Cult in Exodus 32,” Catholic Biblical Quarterly 52 (1990): 597–607.

261.    L. S. Baker, Jr., “Archaeological Backgrounds of the Sanctuary: A search for Egyptian Cultural Influence in the Construction of the Hebrew tent-sanctuary.” Ph.D. dissertation, Andrews University, 2019.

262.    M. M. Homan, “The Divine Warrior in His Tent: A Military Model for Yahweh’s Tabernacle.” Bible Review 16/6: (2000) 22-33, 55.

263.    K. A. Kitchen, “The Tabernacle—A Bronze Age Artifact.” Eretz-Israel 24 (Avaham Malamat Volume) (1993): 119*-29*. (The * indicates the English side of the volume.)

264.    K. A. Kitchen, “The Desert Tabernacle: Pure Fiction or Plausible Account?” Bible Review 16/6 (2000): 14-21. 

265.    Homan, Michael M. To Your Tents, O Israel! The Terminology, Function, Form, and Symbolism of Tents in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East (Leiden: Brill, 2002).

266.    Brichto, Herschel D. The Names of God: Poetic Readings in Biblical Beginnings. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.

267.    Cassuto, Herschel D. The Documentary Hypothesis and the Composition of the Pentateuch. New York: Shalem Press, 2006.

268.    Reinhard Feldmeier and Hermann Spieckermann. God of the Living: A Biblical Theology. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2011.

269.    Fretheim, Terence E. “’El,” In New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology & Exegesis, vol. 1, 400, 401. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1997.

270.    Fretheim, Terence E., “Yahweh,” In New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology & Exegesis. vol. 4, 1295-1300. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1997.

271.    Kitchen, K. A. Ancient Orient and Old Testament. Chicago: Inter-Varsity Press, 1966.

272.    Pope, M. El in the Ugaritic Texts. Leiden: Brill, 1955.

273.    Seow, C. L “God, Names of,” In The New Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible), vol. 2, 588-594. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2006–2009.

274.    Atkinson, Clifford W. 1962. “The Ordinances of Passover-Unleavened Bread.” AThR 44: 70-88. 

275.    Eisenberg, Ronald L. 2004. The JPS Guide to Jewish Traditions, 1st ed. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society.

276.    Gorman, Frank H. 2000. “Passover, Feast of.” In Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, 1013, 1014. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.

277.    Hamilton, Victor P. 2005. Handbook on the Pentateuch: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy. Grand Rapids: Zondervan.

278.    Prosic, Tamara. 1999. “Passover in Biblical Narratives.” JSOT 82: 45-55.

279.    Segal, J. B. 1963. The Hebrew Passover (New York: Oxford University Press, 95-101.

280.    Routledge, Robin. 2002. “Passover and Last Supper.” Tyndale Bulletin 53: 203-221.

281.    Brueggemann, Walter. Theology of the Old Testament: Testimony, Dispute, Advocacy. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2005.

282.    Estelle, Bryan D. Echoes of Exodus: Tracing a Biblical Motif. Downers Grove, IL:: IVP Academic, 2018.

283.    McConville, J. Gordon. “Exodus,” In New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology & Exegesis, 601-605, vol. 4. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1997. 

284.    Propp, William. Exodus 19–40. The Anchor Bible. New York: Doubleday, 2006.

285.    Ryken, Leland et al. Dictionary of Biblical Imagery. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000.

286.    Talmon, Shemaryahu. “The Desert Motif in the Bible and in Qumran Literature,” In Literary Studies in the Hebrew Bible, edited by Shemaryahu Talmon, 216-254. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1993.

287.    Von Rad, Gerard. Old Testament Theology, vol. 1. Great Britain: Oliver and Boyd Ltd, 1962.

288.    Berlyn, Patricia J. “The Pharaohs Who Knew Moses.” Jewish Bible Quarterly 39, no. 1 , (2011): 3-14.

289.    Petrovich, Douglas. “Amenhotep II and the historicity of the Exodus-pharaoh.” The Master's Seminary Journal 17, no. 1, 81-110 (Spring): 2006.

290.    Shea, W. H. “The Date of the Exodus,” In Giving the Sense: Understanding and Using Old Testament Historical Texts, edited by David M. Howard, Jr., and Michael A. Grisanti, Grand Rapids: Kregel, (2003): 236-255. 

291.    Shea, W. H., “Exodus, Date of the,” The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Revised, edited by Geofrey W. Bromiley, vol. 2, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, (1979–1988) 233.

292.    Wood, B. G. “The Rise and Fall Of The 13th-Century Exodus-Conquest Theory.” Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 48, no. 3, (2005) 473-489.

293.    Jewish Virtual Library, “Encyclopedia Judaica: Hittites.” http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0009_0_09061.html

294.    Encyclopaedia HYPERLINK "http://www.encyclopaediajudaica.com/" Judaica. The Gale Group. 2008.

295.    Richard Averbeck, "The Egyptian Sojourn and Deliverance from Slavery in the Framing and shaping of the Mosaic Law," in James K. Hoffmeier, Alan R. Millard, and Gary A. Rendsburg (eds.),“Did I not Bring Israel out of Egypt"? Biblical, Archaeological, and Egyptological Perspectives on the Exodus Narratives (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2016), pp. 143-175. 

296.    Roy Gane, The NIV Application Commentary: Leviticus and Numbers (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004), pp. 429-448.

297.    Harry A. Hoffner, "Slavery and Slave Laws in Ancient Hatti and Israel," in Daniel I. Block (ed.), Israel: Ancient Kingdom or Late Invention? (Nashville: B&H Academic, 2008), pp. 130-156.

298.    J. P. Allen, Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).

299.    J. Baines, Origins of Egyptian Kingship in Ancient Egyptian Kingship ed. By David O’Connor and David Silverman. Lieden: Brill, 1995.

300.    A. Dodson and D. Hilton, The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt (London: Thames and Hudson, 2004).

301.    Baines, John and Jaromir Malek, Atlas of Ancient Egypt. Equinox, 1990.

302.    Kitchen, Kenneth. “Has King David Been Found?” Biblical Archaeology Review 25.1 Jan.-Feb. 1999. 

303.     Van Pelt, Miles V. and Gary D. Pratico, The Vocabulary Guide to Biblical Hebrew. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2003.

304.    “Egypt” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Near East, edited by Eric Meyers, 191-207, vol. 2. Oxford University Press, 1997.

305.    Shaw, Ian, ed. The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt. Oxford University Press, 2000.

306.    Wengrow, David. The Archaeology of Early Egypt: Social Transformations in North-East Africa, 10,000 to 2650 BC. Cambridge University Press, 2006.

307.    Herodotus. The Histories: On the Account of Egypt. Book 2. Translated by Walter Blanco. W.W. Norton & Company, 1992.

308.    Baines, John and Jaromir Malek, Atlas of Ancient Egypt. Equinox, 1990.

309.    Butzer, Karl W. “Nile,” In Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Edited by Donald B. Redford. Oxford University Press, 2001.

310.    Bell, Barbara. 1975. “Climate and the History of Egypt: The Middle Kingdom,” American Journal of Archaeology, 79 (1975): 223-279. 

311.    Douglas R. Edwards, “Dress and Ornamentation,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary [New York, Doubleday, 1992], vol. 2, p. 2330.

312.    Roland K. Harrison, “Clothing,” in Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical and Post-Biblical Antiquity [Peabody, Massachusetts: Hendrickson, 2014].

313.    Andrés Diego Espinel, Cárceles y reclusorios en el Antiguo Egipto: 2686-1069 a.C. (Salamanca, Spain: CSIC, 2003), p. 8.

314.    John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews, Mark W. Chavalas, Comentario del contexto cultural de la Biblia: Antiguo Testamento (Texas: Editorial Mundo hispano, 2004), p. 56.

315.    Alice Hudiburg, “Famine,” in Eerdmans’ Dictionary of the Bible. David Noel Freedman, ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp. 455, 456.

316.    William Shea, “Famine,” Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 2, pp. 769-773.

317.    Yohanan Aharoni, The Land of the Bible: A historical geography (Philadelphia, The Westminster Press, 1967).

318.    Y Aharoni, M. Avi-Yonah, A Rainey, Z; Safrai, and S. Notley, The Carta Bible Atlas (Jerusalem: Carta, 2011).

319.    Frank Frick, “Palestine, Climate of,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary. David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 119-126.

320.    A. E. Cowley, Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (Oxford: Claredon Press, 1980, 342).

321.    David J. A. Clines, mōth, in The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew (Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001, 192).

322.    Garcia Lopez, ṣwh, in Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2003), pp. 276-296.

323.    Marvin R. Wilson, "Death & the Afterlife," in Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical & Post-Biblical Antiquity (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 2016), vol. II, pp. 5-25.

324.    Timo Roller, Das Rätsel der Arche Noah, Expedition zu den Bergen von Ararat (SCM-Verlag Witten, 2014).

325.    Giorgio Buccellati, "Ebla and the Amorites", Eblaitica 3 (1992):83-104.

326.    Aaron A. Burke. “Entanglement, the Amorite Koiné, and Amorite Cultures in the Levant. ARAM 26/1-2 (2014): 357-73.

327.    Alfred Haldar, Who Were the Amorites? (Leiden: A.J. Brill 1971).

328.    William H. Stiebing Jr., Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture (New York: Longman 2003).

329.    J. P. Allen, Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006).

330.    K. W. Butzer, Early Hydaulic Civilization in Egypt: A Study of Cultural Ecology (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1976).

331.    N. Lewis, Papyrus in Classical Antiquity. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1974).

332.    R. Said, The River Nile: geology, hydrology, and utilization (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1993).

333.    K.A. Kitchen. On the Reliability of the Old Testament. (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2003).

334.    Gary Byers. New Evidence from Egypt on the Location of the Exodus Sea Crossing, Part II. Bible and Spade 2007 (17.2).

335.    Kenneth A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003).

336.    Kenneth A. Kitchen and Paul J. N. Lawrence, Treaty, Law and Covenant in the Ancient Near East (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2012), 3 vols..

337.    Skip MacCarty, In Granite or Ingrained? What the Old and New Covenants Reveal about the Gospel, the Law, and the Sabbath (Berrien Springs, Mich.: Andrews University Press, 2007).

338.    O. Palmer Robertson, The Christ of the Covenants (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1980).

339.    John H. Walton, Ancient Israelite Literature in Its Cultural Context: A Survey of Parallels Between Biblical and Ancient Near Eastern Texts. Library of Biblical Interpretation. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1989).

340.    Dayagi-Mendels, Michal. Perfumes and Cosmetics in the Ancient World, Israel Museum Catalogue 395, 74-86. Jerusalem: Israel Museum, 1993.

341.    Kenneth A. Strand, The Sabbath in Scripture and History (Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald Pub. Assn., 1982).

342.    Gerhard F. Hasel, „Sabbath,” in David Noel Freedman, ed., The Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York: 1992), vol. 5.

343.      T. V. Brisco, “Midian,” in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986), vol. 3, p. 350.

344.      According to the Koran, for example, Moses’s father-in-law prophesied to the Midianites concerning their future destruction (George E. Mendenhall, “Midian,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary [New York: Doubleday, 1992], vol. 4, p. 817).

345.    S. Allam, “Slaves,” in Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Ed. by Donald B. Redford (Oxford University Press, 2001), vol. 3, pp. 293-296.

346.    Jean-Marie Kruchten, “Law,” in Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt. Ed. by Donald B. Redford. Oxford University Press, 2001), vol. 2, pp. 277-282.

347.    Rosalie David, Handbook to Life in Ancient Egypt (Oxford University Press, 1998).

348.    Anthony Leahy. “Ethnic Diversity in Ancient Egypt,” in Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. Ed. by Jack M. Sasson (Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers) pp. 225-234.

349.    Douglas J. Brewer and Emily Teeter, Egypt and the Egyptians (Cambridge University Press, 2007). 

350.    Edward Wente, Letters from Ancient Egypt (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990).

351.    David P. Silverman, ed., Ancient Egypt (Oxford University Press, 1997).

352.    Rainey, Anson and R. Steven Notley. The Sacred Bridge: Carta's Atlas of the Biblical World, edited by Shmuel Ahituv. Jerusalem: Carta, 2006.

353.    Edmunt S. Metlzer, ed. Letters From Ancient Egypt. Translated by Edward F. Wente. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990.

354.    Michael G. Hasel. (n.d.). Recent Discoveries in Biblical Archaeology. Accessed from https://adventistbiblicalresearch.org/sites/default/files/pdf/Recent%20Discoveries_0.pdf

355.    Hepper, Nigel F. Baker Encyclopedia of Bible Plants. Grand Rapids: Baker House, 1992.

356.    Zohary, Michael. Plants of the Bible. Tel-Aviv: Sadan Publishing House Ltd, 1982.

357.    Ronald L. Troxel, Prophetic Literature: From Oracles to Books (Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012). 

358.    Jonathan Stökl, Prophecy in the Ancient Near East: A Philological and Sociological Comparison (Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 56). (Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2012).

359.    Karel van der Toorn, From the oral to the written: the case of old Babylonian prophecy, in Writings and Speech in Israelite and Ancient Near Eastern. (E. Ben Zvi, and M. H. Floyd, eds. (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2000).

360.    J. A. Dearman, “The Levitical Cities of Reuben and Moabite Toponymy,” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (1989) 365: 55-66.

361.    J. A. Dearman, “Historical Reconstruction and the Mesha‘ Inscription,” in Studies in the Mesha Inscription and Moab, J. A. Dearman, ed. Archaeology and Biblical Studies 2 (Atlanta: Scholars, 1989), pp. 155-210).

362.    Jacob Hoftijzer and G. van der Kooij, eds., Aramaic Texts from Deir cAlla (Leiden: Brill, 1976).

363.    Jacob Hoftijzer and G. van der Kooij, The Balaam Text from Deir cAlla Re-evaluated: Proceedings of the International Symposium held at Leiden, 21–24 August 1989, (Leiden: Brill, 1991).

364.    Jonathan Miles Robker, Balaam in Text and Tradition, Forschungen zum Alten Testament 131 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019)

365.    Mirko Grmel and Danielle Gourevitch, Les maladies dans l’art antique (Paris: Fayard, 1988).

366.    Black, Jeremy and Anthony Green. Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary. Austin: University of Texas, 1992.

367.    Botterweck, G. Johannes, Helmer Ringgren, and Heinz-Josef Fabry, eds. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, translated by John T. Willis, David E. Green, and Douglas W. Stott, 15 vols. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974.

368.    Collon, Dominique. "A North Syrian Cylinder Seal Style: Evidence of North-South Links with 'Ajjul." In Palestine in the Bronze and Iron Ages: Papers in Honour of Olga Tufnell, edited by Jonathan N. Tubb, 57-68. Occasional Publication. London: Institute of Archaeology, University of London, 1985.

369.    Eggler, Jürg. "Iconography of Animals in the Representation of the Divine (Palestine/Israel)." Last updated May 15, 2009. Iconography of Deities and Demons in the Ancient Near East, edited by Jürg Eggler, Christoph Uehlinger, Electronic Pre-Publication. Accessed on February 6, 2017. http://www.religionswissenschaft.uzh.ch/idd/prepublications/e_idd_iconography_of_animals.pdf. 

370.    Eissfeldt, Otto. “Zur Deutung Von Motiven Auf Den 1937 Gefundenen Phönizischen Elfenbeinarbeiten Von Megiddo.” In Kleine Schriften, edited by Rudolf Sellheim and Fritz Maass, 85-93, vol. 3. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, Paul Siebeck, 1966.

371.    Keel, Othmar. The Symbolism of the Biblical World: Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms, translated by Timothy J. Hallett, reprint ed. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1997.

372.    Keel, Othmar and Christoph Uelinger, Gods, Goddesses, and Images of God in Ancient Israel, translated by Thomas H. Trapp. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1998.

373.    Ornan, Tallay. "The Mesopotamian Influence on West Semitic Inscribed Seals: A Preference for the Depiction of Mortals." In Studies in the Iconography of Northwest Semitic Inscribed Seals: Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Fribourg on April 17-20, 1990, edited by Benjamin Sass, and Christoph Uelinger, 52-73. Fribourg/Göttingen: University Press/Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1993.

374.    Ritter, Nils C. “Human-Headed Winged Bull,” Last updated 2 Nov 2010. Iconography of Deities and Demons in the Ancient Near East, edited by Jürg Eggler, Christoph Uehlinger, Electronic Pre-Publication. Accessed on February 6, 2017. http://www.religionswissenschaft.uzh.ch/idd/prepublications/e_idd_human_headed_winged_bull.pdf.

375.    Roth, Martha T. Robert D. Biggs, John A. Brinkman, Miguel Civil, Walter Farber, Erica Reiner, and Matthew W. Stolper, eds. The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1956-2010.

376.    Sass, Benjamin. "The Pre-Exilic Hebrew Seals: Iconism vs. Aniconism." In Studies in the Iconography of Northwest Semitic Inscribed Seals: Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Fribourg on April 17-20, 1990, edited by Benjamin Sass, and Christoph Uehlinger, 194-256. Fribourg/Göttingen: University Press/Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1993.

377.    Van der Toom, Karel, Bob Becking, and Pieter W. van der Horst, eds. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible. Second, extensively revised ed. Leiden: Brill, 1999.

378.    Baab, O. J. “Widow,” In The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. New York: Abingdon Press, 1962).

379.    Barabas, S. “Widow,” In Zondervan Pictorial Bible Dictionary. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1963).

380.    Jensen, Hans Arne. Plant World of the Bible. Bloomington, Ind.: AuthorHouse, 2012.

381.    Zohary, Michael. Plants of the Bible. Tel-Aviv: Sadan Publishing House Ltd, 1982.

382.    Campbell, Ken M. ed., Marriage and Family in the Biblical World. Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic, 2003.

383.    Davidson, Richard M. Flame of Yahweh: Sexuality in the Old Testament. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2007.

384.    Sasson, Jack M. ed. Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1995. 

385.    Westbrook, Raymond. Old Babylonian Marriage Law. Archiv für Orientforschung 23. Horn, Austria: Berger und Söhne, 1988. 

386.    Stiebring, William H. Jr. Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture. Pearson Longman, 2009.

387.    Chadwick, Robert. First Civilizations: Ancient Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt. Equinox, 2005.

388.    Richardson, M.E.J. Hammurabi’s Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. Sheffield Academic, 2000.

389.    Bienkowski, Pietr and Alan Millard. Dictionary of the Ancient Near East. University of Pennsylvania, 2000.

390.    Nemet-Nejat, Karen Rhea. Daily Life in Ancient Mesopotamia. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2002.

391.    Cohen, Rudolf. “Kadesh-Barnea,” The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, 841-847. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993.

392.    Conklin, Blane. Oath Formulas in Biblical Hebrew. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

393.    Conklin, Blane. Cursed Are You! The Phenomenology of Cursing in Cuneiform and Hebrew Texts. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2014.

394.    Kitz, Anne Marie. “Curses and Cursing in the Ancient Near East.” Religion Compass 1/6 (2007): 615-627.

395.    Greengus, Samuel. “Covenant and Treaty in the Hebrew Bible and in the Ancient Near East.” In Ancient Israel’s History: An Introduction to Issues and Sources, edited by Bill T. Arnold and Richard Hess, 91-126. Grand Rapid: Baker Academic, 2014.

396.    Kitchen, Kenneth. On the Reliability of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003.

397.    Lauinger, Jacob. “Esarhaddon’s Succession Treaty at Tell Tayinat: Text and Commentary.” Journal of Cuneiform Studies 64 (2012): 87-123.

398.    Millard, Allan R. “Arameans,” in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, 345-350, vol. 1. New York: Doubleday, 1992. 

399.    Oded, B. Mass Deportations and Deportees in the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 1979.

400.    I. Finkelstein. 1995. Living on the Fringe: the Archaeology and History of the Negev, Sinai and Neighbouring Regions in the Bronze and Iron Age. Sheffield, Eng.: Sheffield Academic Press.

401.    Shahack-Gross, Ruth and I. Finkelstein. 2008. "Subsistence economy in the Negev Highlands: The Iron Age and the Byzantine/Early Islamic period." Journal of Archaeological Science. 35, 965–962.

402.    Manfred Görg, “Israel in Hieroglyphen,” Biblische Notizen 106 (2001): 21–27; 

403.    Christoffer Theis, and Manfred Görg, “Israel in Canaan (Long) Before Pharaoh Merenptah? A Fresh Look at Berlin Statue Pedestal Relief 21687,” Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 2/4 (2010): 15–25

404.     Peter van der Veen “Berlin Statue Pedestal Reliefs 21687 and 21688: Ongoing Research,” Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 4/4 (2012): 41–42.

405.    Manfred Görg, “Weitere Beobachtungen und Aspekte zur Genese des Namens ‘Israel’,” Biblische Notizen 154 (2012): 57–68

406.    Bessel, J. P. “Yavneh-Yam.” The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archeology in the Near East, vol. 5. New York: Oxford University Press, vol. 5 (1997): 374–375.

407.    Clines, David J. A. “Shiloh.” The Dictionary of the Classical Hebrew, vol. 8. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2011. 

408.    Schley, Donald G. “Shiloh.” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David N. Freedman, Allen C. Myers, and Astrid B. Beck, 1210, 1211. Grand Rapids: W.B. Eerdmans, 2000.

409.    Bible Archaeological Report, “Ai.” http://biblearchaeologyreport.com/2019/04/12/biblical-sites-Ai/.

410.    Mark W. Chavalas, “Nuzi,” in Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, David N. Freedman, ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp.976, 977.

411.    David I. Owen, “Hurrians,” in Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, David N. Freedman, ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp. 618-620.

412.    Dever, William “Gezer,” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Vol. 2. Jerusalem: Carta, 1993.

413.    Dever, William G. The Lives of Ordinary People in Ancient Israel: Where Archaeology and the Bible Intersect. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012. http://www.ancient.eu/urbanization/

414.    Kempinski, Aharon and Ronny Reich, eds. The Architecture of Ancient Israel: From the Prehistoric to the Persian Periods. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1992.

415.    Younker, Randall. “Mephaath.” In Eerdman's Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman and Allen C. Myers, (2000): 884. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eedmans Publishing Co.

416.    Lipinski, Edward. On the Skirts of Canaan in the Iron Age: Historical and Topographical Research. Leuvent/Louvain, Belgium: Peeters Publishers & Faculty of Oriental Studies Bondgenotenlaan, 2006.

417.    Piccirillo, M and T. Attiyat, "The complex of Saint Stephen at Umm er-Rasas-Kastron Mefaa" ADAJ 30 (1986): 341-351.

418.    Gonen, Rivka. Burial Patterns and Cultural Diversity in Late Bronze Age Canaan. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, Dissertation Series/ASOR, 1992.

419.    Freedman, David N. Eerdman's Dictionary of the Bible. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2000.

420.    Thompson, J. Alexander. “Israel, History of.” In The Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible, edited by MerrilL C. Tenny and Moises Silva, 385-387, vol. 3. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.

421.    Ashkelon: digashkelon.com

422.    Ashdod: international.tau.ac.il/Ashdod_Yam_Archaelogical_Project

423.    Ekron excavation and publication Project: aiar.org/miqne-ekron

424.    Gath: see on Facebook Tell es-Safi/Gath Archaeological Project

425.    Lott, Jeffrey K. “Gerizim, Mount of.” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, 993, volume 2. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

426.    Tadmor, Miriam. “Rosh Ha-Niqra, Tel.” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited Ephraim Stern, vol. 4 (1993): 1288-1289. Jerusalem: Simon and Schuster/Israel Exploration Society. 

427.    Bromiley, Geoffrey W. The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Pub. Com., vol. 4 (1982): 466.

428.    Vincent, Louis Hugues. "Un sanctuaire dans la région de Jericho, la synagoge de Naa`arah," Revue Biblique 68, 1961.

429.    Frankel, R. "Aphek," The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by D. N. Freedman, H. D. Graf, and J. D. Pleins. New York : Doubleday, 1992. 

430.    M. Kochavi, M. "Aphek," The Oxford encyclopedia of archaeology in the Near East, edited by E. M. Meyers. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

431.    Chadwick, Jeffrey R. “Hebron.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Archaeology, 485-490, vol. 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

432.    Ofer, Avi. “Hebron,” In New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, 606-609, vol. 2. Jerusalem: Carta, Israel Exploration Society, 1993.

433.    Phillip J. King and Lawrence Stager, Life in Biblical Israel (Westminster John Knox Press, 2001).

434.    Haak, Robert D. “Altars.” The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Ancient Near East, edited by Eric Meyers, 80, 81. Oxford University Press, 1997.

435.    Dever, William G. Did God Have a Wife: Archaeology and Folk Religion in Ancient Israel. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2005.

436.    Jean-Jacques Glassner, La Mésopotamie (Paris: Les Belles Lettres, Paris, 2002).

437.    Jean-Louis Huot, Une archéologie des peuples du Proche-Orient, I-II (Paris: Errance, 2004).

438.    Hardin, James W. “Hazor.” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman, 560-562. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000.

439.    Rainey, Anson F. and R. Steven Notley. The Sacred Bridge: Carta’s Atlas of the Biblical World. Second amended and enhanced edition. Jerusalem: Carta Jerusalem, 2014.

440.    Arnold, Bill T. and H.G. M. Williamson, eds. Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books, 541-544. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity Press, 2005.

441.    http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2008/05/Did-the-Israelites-Conquer-Jericho-A-New-Look-at-the-Archaeological-Evidence.aspx

442.    Wood, "Did the Israelites Conquer Jericho? A New Look at the Archaeological Evidence," BAR 16:2 [Mar/Apr 1990], 51.

443.    Paul N. Franklyn, "Ataroth," in Anchor Bible Dictionary. David N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), p. 510. 

444.    Chang-Ho C. Ji, "Khirbat ‘Ataruz: An Interim Overview of the 10 Years of Archaeological Architectural Findings." Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan (2011).

445.    Abelardo Rivas, Objects of light from Khirbet Atarutz. Paper presented at the American Schools of Oriental Research national meetings, Atlanta: November, 2015.

446.    Abelardo Rivas, Egyptian cultic influence in Transjordan during the iron age as seen in the use of Egyptian elements in the local religion. Paper presented at the American Schools of Oriental Research national meetings, San Diego, Calif.: November, 2014. 

447.    Abelardo Rivas, Cultic Objects of Atarutz: an analysis of Kernoi, cup-and-saucers, and a standing statue found in the central area of the temple. Paper presented at the American Schools of Oriental Research national meetings, Chicago: November, 2012. 

448.    Izak Cornelius, The Iconography of the Canaanite Gods Reshef and Bacal: Late Bronze and Iron Age I Periods (c 1500-1000 BCE) Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 140 (Fribourg: University Press; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1994).

449.    John Day, „Baal (Deity),“ Anchor Bible Dictionary, D. N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 1, pp. 545–549.

450.    Alberto R. W. Green, The Storm-God in the Ancient Near East (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2003).

451.    Mark S. Smith, The Ugaritic Baal Cycle. Volume I: Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU 1.1-1.2 (Leiden: Brill, 1994).

452.    ____________ and Wayne T. Pitard, The Ugaritic Baal Cycle. Volume II: Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU 1.3-1.4 (Leiden: Brill, 2009).

453.    Dieter Vieweger, S. Paley, and Yoseph Porath, “Tel Zira’a” in The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land. Edited by Stern, Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008), pp. 1841-1843.

454.    Gérard Verkindère, La justicia en el Antiguo Testamento (Navarra, España: Editorial Verbo Divino, 2001), p. 20

455.    C. P. Arand, C. Blomberg, S. MacCarty, and J. A. Pipa, Perspectives on the Sabbath: 4 views. (Nashville.: B & H Academic, 2011).

456.    L. M. Baab, Sabbath keeping: Finding Freedom in the Rhythms of Rest (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2005).

457.    M. Buchanan, The rest of God: restoring your soul by restoring Sabbath (Nashville.: W Pub. Group, 2006).

458.    The Sabbath in Scripture and History, Kenneth A. Strand, ed. (Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald Publishing Association, 1982).

459.    C. Arnon and Ruth Amiran, “Tel Kishion.” in The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land. Stern, Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), pp. 873, 874.

460.    Anson F. Rainey, "The Biblical Shephelah of Judah." Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 251 (1983): 1-22.

461.    W. Dever, “Khirbet el-Qom.” in The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land. Edited by Stern, Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), pp. 1233-1235, 1522-1524.

462.    Aharoni, Yohanam. Arad Inscriptions. University of Virginia: Israel Exploration Society, 1981.

463.    Aharoni, Yohanam., "Hebrew Ostraca from Tel Arad." In Israel Exploration Journal, vol. 16, no. 1, 1-7. 1966.

464.    Aharoni, Yohanam., "The Israelite Sanctuary at Arad," In New Directions in Biblical Archaeology, edited by D. N. Freedman and Jonas C. Greenfield, 25-39, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1969.

465.    Faigenbaum-Golovin, Shira et al. “Algorithmic Handwriting Analysis of Judah’s Military Correspondence Sheds Light on Composition of Biblical Texts,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 17, 4664-4669. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences, April 2016.

466.    Herzog, Ze'ev, Aharoni Miriam, Rainey Anson F., and Moshkovitz Shmuel, “The Israelite Fortress at Arad.” In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 254, 1-34. The University of Chicago Press, 1984.

467.    William Foxwell Albright, "What Were the Cherubim?" The Biblical Archaeologist 1, no. 1 (1938): 1-3.

468.    G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren, and Heinz-Josef Fabry, eds. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Trans. John T. Willis, David E. Green, and Douglas W. Stott. 15 vols. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974-).

469.    J. W. Crowfoot and Grace M. Crowfoot., Early Ivories from Samaria. Samaria-Sebaste: Reports of the Work of the Joint Expedition in 1931-1933 and of the British Expedition in 1935. (London: Palestine Exploration Fund, 1938).

470.    Izaak J. de Hulster, “Of Angels and Iconography: Isaiah 6 and the Biblical Concept of Seraphs and Cherubs.” In Iconographic Exegesis of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament, Izaack J. de Hulster, Brent A. Strawn, Ryan P. Bonfiglio, eds. (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015), pp. 145-164.

471.    Robert Du Mesnil du Buisson, Les Peintures De La Synagogue De Doura-Europos 245-256 Après J.-C. (Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1939).

472.    Roland De Vaux, “Les Chérubins St L’arche D’alliance Les Sphinx Gardiens Et Les Trones Divins Dans L’ancien Orient.” In Mélanges De L'université Saint Joseph Vol 37 Offered to Père Rene Mouterde. (Beyrouth: Imprimerie Catholique, 1961), pp. 93-124.

473.    Othmar Keel, The Symbolism of the Biblical World: Ancient Near Eastern Iconography and the Book of Psalms. Timothy J. Hallett trans. Reprint ed. (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1997).

474.    Othmar Keel and Christoph Uelinger, Gods, Goddesses, and Images of God in Ancient Israel. Thomas H. Trapp trans. (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1998).

475.    Gerhard Kittel and Gerhard Friedrich, eds. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Geoffrey W. Bromiley trans. 10 vols. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1964-1976).

476.    Carl H. Kraeling, The Excavations at Dura-Europos Final Report VIII Part I: The Synagogue. A. R. Bellinger, F. E. Brown, A. Perkins, C. B. Welles eds. (New Haven, Conn: Yale University, 1956).

477.    Franz Landsberger, “The Origin of the Winged Angel in Jewish Art,” Hebrew Union College Annual 20 (1947): 227-254.

478.    Loud, Gordon. The Megiddo Ivories. The University of Chicago Oriental Institute Publications, edited by John Albert Wilson, Thomas George Allen. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1939.

479.    Johannes Louw and Eugene A. Nida, eds. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament Based on Semantic Domains (New York: United Bible Societies, 1989).

480.    S. Tsuji, “Angels 4. Iconography,” In New Catholic Encyclopedia, edited by William J. McDonald, James A. Magner, Martin R. P. McGuire, John P. Whalen eds, (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967), vol. 1, pp. 515-518.

481.    Alice Wood, Of Wings and Wheels: A Synthetic Study of the Biblical Cherubim. Beihefte Zur Zeitschrift Für Die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft. John Barton, Reinhard G. Kratz, Choon-Leong Seow, Markus Witte eds. (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008).

482.    Efraim Stern, Dan,” in The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavation in the Holy Land (Jerusalem, 1993), vol. 1, p. 32

483.    Mark S. Smith, Untold Stories: The Bible and Ugaritic Studies in the Twentieth Century (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 2001).

484.    Wilfred van Soldt, “Ugarit: A Second-Millennium Kingdom on the Mediterranean Coast,” in Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, Jack M. Sasson, ed. (New York: Scribner, 1995), 2:1255–1266.

485.    W. G. E. Watson and N. Wyatt, eds., Handbook of Ugaritic Studies (Leiden: Brill, 1999).

486.    Marguerite Yon, The City of Ugarit at Tell Ras Shamra (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006).

487.    Aharoni, Yohanan. The Land of the Bible: A Historical Geography. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1979.

488.    Dothan, Moshe. “Nahariya.” In The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, 1088–1092. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.

489.    Avigad, Nahman. “New Light on the MṢH Seal-Impression.” Israel Exploration Journal 8 (1958) (2), 113-119.

490.    Kisilevitz, Shua. “The Iron IIA Judahite Temple at Tel Moza.” Tel Aviv, 42 (2015) (2), 147-164. 

491.    Na’aman, Nadav. “The Judahite Temple at Tel Moẓa near Jerusalem: The House of Obed-Edom?” Tel Aviv, 44 (2017) (1), 3-13. 

492.    Finkelstein, Israel. “Does Rehob of the Beth-Shean Valley appear in the Bible?” Biblische Notizen, 169, (2016): 3-9. ATLA Religion Database with ATLASerials. Accessed March 28, 2017. AEBSCOhost.

493.    Vitto, F. “Rehob.” In The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Stern, Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, 1272 – 1274. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.

494.    Barnett, R. D. Sculptures from the North Palace of Ashurbanipal at Nineveh (668-627 B.C.). London: British Museum, 1976. 

495.     Metropolitan Museum of Art, Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art. “Animals in Ancient Near Eastern Art.” In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2014. www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/anan/hd_anan.htm

496.    Strawn, B. A. What Is Stronger Than a Lion?: Leonine Image and Metaphor in the Hebrew Bible and the Ancient Near East. Fribourg Göttingen: Academic Press; Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2005.

497.    Glock, A. E. “Ta'anach.” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, edited by E. M. Meyers, 149. New York: Oxford University, 1997.    

498.    Mills, W. E. “Taanach.” In Mercer Dictionary of the Bible, 871. Macon, Ga.: Mercer University, 1991.    

499.    Rainy, Anson F. and R. Steven Notley. The Sacred Bridge: Carta’s Atlas of the Biblical World, 2nd emended and enhanced edition. Jerusalem: Carta Jerusalem, 2014.

500.    Arnold, Bill T. and H. G. M. Williamson, eds. Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2005.

501.    Y. Aharoni, "Zephath of Thutmose," Israel Exploration Journal 9, no. 2 (1959): 110-122.

502.    Clinton E. Arnold, Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary: Judges (Grand Rapids, Zondervan, 2009).

503.    Yaacov Baumgarten, "Mount Miẓpe Yammim" in The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Eds. Stern, Ephraim Stern and Ayelet Leṿinzon-Gilboʻa, eds. (Eisenbraun, 1993), vol. 3, pp. 1061-1063.

504.    Nogah Hareuveni, Tree and Shrub in Our Biblical Heritage. Trans. from Hebrew by Helen Frenkley (Lod, Israel: Neot Kedumim, 2006), pp. 59-65.

505.    Izak Cornelius, The Iconography of the Canaanite Gods Reshef and Bacal: Late Bronze and Iron Age I Periods (c 1500-1000 BCE) Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 140 (Fribourg: University Press; Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1994).

506.    John Day, „Baal (Deity),“ Anchor Bible Dictionary, D. N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 1, pp. 545–549.

507.    Alberto R. W. Green, The Storm-God in the Ancient Near East (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2003).

508.    Mark S. Smith, The Ugaritic Baal Cycle. Volume I: Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU 1.1-1.2 (Leiden: Brill, 1994).

509.    Mark S. Smith and Wayne T. Pitard, The Ugaritic Baal Cycle. Volume II: Introduction with Text, Translation and Commentary of KTU 1.3-1.4 (Leiden: Brill, 2009).Herzog, Z. “Settlement and Fortification Planning in the Iron Age” In The Architecture of Ancient Israel. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1992.

510.    Jaime L. Waters, Threshing Floors in Ancient Israel: Their Ritual and Symbolic Significance (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2015).

511.    Y. Hirschfeld and R. Birger-Calderon, “Early Roman and Byzantine Estates near Caesarea” (Israel Exploration Journal 41, 1991: 81-111) .

512.    Ruth Shahack-Gross, Mor Gafri, and Israel Finkelstein, “Identifying Threshing Floors in the Archaeological Record: A Test Case at Iron Age Tel Megiddo, Israel” (Journal of Field Archaeology 34, 2009: 171-184).

513.    Victor H. Matthews, “Entrance Ways and Threshing Floors: Legally Significant Sites in the Ancient Near East,” ATLAS Serials Collection.

514.    Manor, Dale. "Beth-Shemesh." In The Oxford Encyclopedia of The Bible and Archaeology, edited by Daniel M. Master, vol. 1, 129-139, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.

515.    Aharoni, Yohanan. "Arad: Its Inscriptions and Temple, Biblical Archaeologist 31, no. 1 (1968a): 2-32.

516.    Aḥituv, Shmuel Echoes from the Past: Hebrew and Cognate Inscriptions from the Biblical Period. Jerusalem: Carta, 2008.

517.    Biran, Avraham. Biblical Dan. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1994.

518.    Chambon, Alain. "Far'sh, Tell el- (North), Late Bronze Age to the Roman Period," The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, vol. 2, pp. 439, 440. New York: Simon and Schuster. 1993.

519.    Hallo, William W. and K. Lawson Younger, eds. The Context of Scripture. Boston: Brill, 2003.

520.    Dever, William G. What Did the Biblical Writers Know and When Did They Know It? What Archaeology Can Tell Us About the Reality of Ancient Israel. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001.

521.    Dever, William G. Did God Have A Wife? Archaeology and Folk Religion in Ancient Israel. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005. 

522.    Donner, H. and W. Rölig, Kanaanäische und Aramäische Inschriften. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1962.

523.    Faust, Avraham. The Archaeology of Israelite Society in the Iron Age II. Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2012.

524.    Handy, Lowell K. "Dagon," In The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited David Noel Freedman, 1, 2, vol. 2. New York: Doubleday, 1992, 

525.    Heider, George C. "Molech," In The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, 895-898, vol. 4. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

526.    Herzog, Ze'ev. "Tel Beersheba," In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, 167-173, vol. 1. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993.

527.    King, Philip J., and Lawrence E. Stager, Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2001.

528.    Mazar, Amihai. "Bull" Site," The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited Ephraim Stern, 255, 267, vol. 1. New York Simon and Schuster, 1993.

529.    Monson, John. "1 Kings." The Zondervan Bible Backgrounds Commentary, edited by John H. Walton. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.

530.    Ray, Paul. "Kemoš and Moabite Religion." Near Eastern Archaeological Society Bulletin 48 (2003): 17-31.

531.    Schaeffer, Claude F. A., ed. Ugaritica. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1939.

532.    Zevit, Ziony. The Religions of Ancient Israel: a synthesis of parallactic approaches. New York: Continuum, 2001.

533.    Gonen, Rivka. 1975. Weapons of the Ancient World. London: Cassell.

534.    King, Philip J. 2001. and Lawrence E. Stager. Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press.

535.    Sellers, Ovid R. 1939. "Sling Stones of Biblical Times." Biblical Archaeologist 2, no. 4: 41–44. 

536.    Yadin, Yigael. 1936. The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands in Light of Archaeological Study. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

537.    Aḥituv, Shmuel. 2008. Echoes from the Past: Hebrew and Cognate Inscriptions from the Biblical Period. Jerusalem: Carta.

538.    Arnold, Bill T. 2008. The NIV Application Commentary: 1 & 2 Samuel. Grand Rapids: Zondervan.

539.    Cohen, Mark E. 1993. The Cultic Calendars of the Ancient Near East. Bethesda, MD: CDL.

540.    Lidzbarski, Mark, 1962. Handbuch der Nordsemitischen Epigraphik nebst Ausgewählten Inschriften. Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandling.

541.    Miano, David. 2010. Shadow on the Steps: Time measurement in Ancient Israel. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.

542.    Morgensten, Julian. 1924. "The Three Calendars of Ancient Israel." Hebrew Union College Annual 1: 13-78. 

543.    Thiele, Edwin R. 1965. The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings: A Reconstruction of the Chronology of the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans.

544.    Shmuel Givon, ed. The Tenth Season of Excavation at Tel Ḥarassim (Nahal Barkai) 1999. Israel. Bar Ilan University, Martin (Szusz) Dept. of Land of Israel Studies, 2000.

545.    Berlin, A. ed. “Children.” The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion, Second edition, 166, 167. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2011. 

546.    Kramer, S. N. The Sumerians; Their History, Culture, and Character. Chicago: The University Chicago Press, 1963.

547.    Stearns, W. N. “Child; Babe; Infant; Suckling.” The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley, vol. 1, 644-646. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979.

548.    Berlin, A. ed. “Children.” The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion, Second edition, 166, 167. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 2011. 

549.    Kramer, S. N. The Sumerians; Their History, Culture, and Character. Chicago: The University Chicago Press, 1963.

550.    Stearns, W. N. “Child; Babe; Infant; Suckling.” The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley, vol. 1, 644-646. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979.

551.    Negev, Avraham and Shimon Gibson, eds. “Yattir.” Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land. Jerusalem: The Jerusalem Publishing House, 2001.

552.     “Sheep,” Brill’s New Pauly Encylopaedia of the Ancient Word, vol. 13, pp. 378–384.

553.    George Cansdale, All the Animals of the Bible Lands (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1970).

554.    Oded Borowski, Every Living Thing: Daily Use of Animals in Ancient Israel (Walnut Creek, Calif.: AltaMira Press, 1998).

555.    Ronald H. Isaacs, Animals in Jewish Thought and Tradition. (Northvale, N.J.: Jason Aronson Inc., 2000).

556.    George W. Ramsey, “Samuel,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp.954-957.

557.    Diana V. Edelman, “Saul,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 889-998.

558.    Kenneth Kitchen, “The Controlling Role of External Evidence in Assessing the Historical Status of the Israelite United Monarchy,” in Windows into Old Testament History, V. P. Long, D. W. Baker and G. J. Wenham, eds. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002), pp. 111-130.

559.    D. Ilan, "Aroer," The Oxford encyclopedia of archaeology in the Near East, E. M. Meyers, ed. (New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997)

560.    G. L. Mattingly, "Aroer," The Anchor Bible Dictionary, D. N. Freedman, G. H. Herion, D. F. Graf, and J. D. Pleins, eds. (New York : Doubleday, 1992). 

561.    Y. Garfinkel and S. Ganor, “Khirbet Qeiyafa: Sha‘arayim.” Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 8: Article 22 (2008)

562.    Y. Garfinkel and S. Ganor, Khirbet Qeiyafa Excavation Report 2007–2008 (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society), vol. 1, pp. 231–241.

563.    Eshel, Hanam. Ein Gedi: Oasis and Refuge, A Carta Field Guide. Jerusalem: Carta, 2009.

564.    Zvi Ilan and David Amit, “Maon (in Judea).” in The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land. Edited by Stern, Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), pp. 942-944.

565.    Roland K. Harrison, “Jebus,” The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1982), vol. 2, p. 973).

566.    Gregor, Paul Z. “Water System at Tell Jalul.” Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan. 13, (2016).

567.    Ray, Paul, Constance Gane, and Randall Younker. “Another Look at Solomon’s Pools at Heshbon.” Adventist Review (Nov. 26, 2009) 14-16.

568.    Arthur Segal, “Rabbath-Ammon,” The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1993), vol. 4, pp. 1243-1252.

569.    Karel van der Toorn, Scribal Culture and the Making of the Hebrew Bible (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2007).

570.    Aaron Demsky, “Writing (Scripts, Materials),” in Encyclopedia Judaica, vol. 21, 235-241.

571.    Hachlili, Rachel. Jewish Funerary Customs, Practices and Rites in the Second Temple Period. Boston: Brill, Leiden, 2005.

572.    Brinn, G. “The Jehoshaphat Valley,” Biblical Encyclopedia (Jerusalem: 1971/1972), vol. 6: 297, 298.

573.    Wayne T. Pitard, “Aram (Place),” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), pp. 338-341.

574.    Emmet Russell, “Aram,” in The Zondervan Pictorial Bible Dictionary, Merrill C. Tenney, ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1977), p. 55. 

575.    Walter W. Wessel, “Syria,” in The Zondervan Pictorial Bible Dictionary, Merrill C. Tenney, ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1977), pp. 820, 821.

576.    Z. Ilan, “Horvat Giv’t.” in Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993-2008) pp. 524-25.

577.    Nancy Lapp, “Preliminary Excavation Reports and Other Archaeological Investigations: Tell Qarqur, Iron I Sites in the North-Central Highlands of Palestine.” The Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 56, in Preliminary Excavation Reports and Other Archaeological Investigations: Tell Qarqur, Iron I Sites in the North-Central Highlands of Palestine (1999), pp. 1-141; 143-218 

578.    Elat, M. "The Campaigns of Shalmaneser III against Aram and Israel." Israel Exploration Journal 25, no. 1 (1975) 25-35.

579.    Biran, Avraham. Biblical Dan. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1994.

580.    Pitard, Wayne T. "Aram," The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David N. Freedman, 337-340. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

581.    Rainey, Anson F. and R. Steven Notley, The Sacred Bridge: Carta's Atlas of the Biblical World, edited by Shmuel Ahituv. Jerusalem: Carta, 2006.

582.    Charles Krahmalkov, “Phoenicia,” in Eerdmans’ Dictionary of the Bible, David Noel Freedman, ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp. 1053-1056.

583.    Paul Lawrence, The IVP Atlas of Bible History (Downers Grove, Ill.: IVP Academic, 2006).

584.    Brian Peckham, “Phoenicia, History of,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary. David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 349-357.

585.    Francsca Rochberg-Halton, “Calendars,” in The Anchor Bible Dictionary. David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 1, pp. 810-814.

586.    Edwin Thiele, The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings. Rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1983).

587.    Yohanan Aharoni, "Horned Altar of Beer-Sheba," Biblical Archaeologist 37, no. 1 (1974): 2-6. 

588.    Ephraim Stern, "Limestone Incense Altars," in Beersheba I: Excavations at Tel Beersheba 1969-1971. Yohanan Aharoni, ed. (Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology, 1973).

589.    Ephraim Stern, Material Culture of the Land of the Bible in the Persian Period (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1982).

590.    Paley, S. and Yoseph Porath. “Tel Hefer.” In The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, (1993): 606–614. New York: Simon & Schuster.

591.    Philip J. King and Lawrence E. Stager, Life in Biblical Israel (Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2001), p. 307.

592.    Bonnie Magness-Gardiner, “Seals, Mesopotamia,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 1062-1063.

593.    M. Patrick Graham, “Jehoshaphat,” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, ed. David Noel Freedman (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), p. 681.

594.    J. Kenneth Kuntz, “Jehoshaphat,” The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 3, pp. 666-668.

595.    Patrick Mazani, “The Book of Daniel in Light of Ancient Near Eastern Literary and Material Finds: An Archaeological Perspective,” dissertation, Andrews University, 2008, pp. 231-234.

596.    Wyatt, Nick. Religious Texts from Ugarit: The Words of Ilmilku and His Colleagues. Sheffield, Eng.: Sheffield Academic, 1998.

597.    Beckers, Brian, Berking, Jonas and Brigitta Schütt. "Ancient Water Harvesting Methods in the Drylands of the Mediterranean and Western Asia." Etopoi: Journal for Ancient Studies, 1, (2013): 145–164, journal.topoi.org/. Assessed 26 June 2016.

598.    John S. Crawford, “Caleb the Dog,” Bible Review, April 2004.

599.    G. Larson, E. Karlsson, A. Perri, M. T. Webster, S. Y. W. Ho, J. Peters, P. W. Stahl, P. J. Piper, F. Lingaas, M. Fredholm, et al., “Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(23):8878-8883, 2012.

600.    D. F. Morey, “Burying key evidence: the social bond between dogs and people,” Journal of Archaeological Science 33:158-175, 2006.

601.    Lawrence E. Stager, “Why Were Hundreds of Dogs Buried at Ashkelon?” Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 1991.

602.    Barag, D. “Shaalbim.” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levingson-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, 1993-2008) 1338, 2110 . New York: Simon & Schuster.

603.    Rainey, A. F. "Compulsory Labour Gangs in Ancient Israel." Israel Exploration Journal 20, no. 3/4 (1970): 191–202.

604.    Hillel Geva, ed., Ancient Jerusalem Revealed, pp. 107, 108.

605.    Hasel, Michael G. (n.d.). Recent Discoveries in Biblical Archaeology. Accessed from https://adventistbiblicalresearch.org/sites/default/files/pdf/Recent%20Discoveries_0.pdf

606.    Bottéro, J. Religion in Ancient Mesopotamia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001.

607.    Schneider, T. An Introduction To Ancient Mesopotamian Religion. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company 2011.

608.    Shafer, B. ed., Temples of Ancient Egypt. Cornell University Press, 1997.

609.    Verner, M. Temple of the World: Sanctuaries, Cults, and Mysteries of Ancient Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press, 2013.

610.    Lawrence T. Geraty, „The ‚High Place‘ in Biblical Archaeology,“ Ministry, 1973.

611.    A. Mazar, “The ‘Bull-Site’–An Iron Age I Open Cult Place,” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 247 (1982), pp. 27-42.

612.    Yigael Yadin, “Beer-Sheba: The High Place Destroyed by King Josiah,”Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 222 (1976), p. 10.

613.    Daniel Arnaud, Nabuchodonosor II, roi de Babylone (Paris: Fayard, 2004).

614.    Ronald H. Sack, Images of Nebuchadnezzar: The Emergence of a Legend, 2d ed. (Selinsgrove: Susquehanna University Press, 2004).

615.    D. J. Wiseman, Nebuchadrezzar and Babylon (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985).

616.    Stuart A. Irvine, Isaiah, Ahaz, and the Syro-Ephraimitic Crisis, SBLDS 123 (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990).

617.    Peter Dubovský, “Tiglath-pileser III's Campaigns in 734–732 B.C.: Historical Background of Isa 7; 2 Kgs 15–16 and 2 Chr 27–28,” Biblica 87 (2006): 153–170.

618.    Hayim Tadmor, The Inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III King of Assyria (Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1994).

619.    Bryce, Trevor. Babylonia: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.

620.    Kuhrt, Amélie. The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC, vol. II. London: Routledge, 2006.

621.    Spar, Ira and Michael Jursa. The Ebabbar Temple Archive and Other Texts from the Fourth to the First Millennium B.C. Cuneiform Texts in the Metropolitan Museum of Art 4. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Eisenbrauns, 2014.

622.    Zadok, Ran. “The Representation of Foreigners in Neo- and Late-Babylonian Legal Documents (Eighth through Second Centuries B.C.E.)” In Judah and the Judeans in the Neo-Babylonian Period, edited by Oded Lipschitz and Joseph Blenkinsopp, 471-589. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2003.

623.    Grayson, A, K. "Esarhaddon." In The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, vol. 2 (1992) 574. New York: Doubleday. 

624.    Kuhrt, Amélie. The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC. New York: Routledge, 2003.

625.    Obed Lipschits, The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2005).

626.    S. G. Rosenberg, “Reports from Jerusalem 2011-2012” Strata 2012; 30:177-207.

627.    Andrew Vaughn and Ann E. Killebrew, Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2003).

628.    Efrain Velazquez, “The Persian Period and the Origins of Israel: Beyond the ‘Myths’" in Critical Issues in Early Israelite History (ed. Richard Hess, Gerald Klingbeil, and Paul Ray, Jr.; BBRSup 3; Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2008).

629.    Longman, Tremper III. “Furniture,” in The Baker Illustrated Bible Dictionary. Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 2013.

630.    Stephens, William. The New Testament World in Pictures Nashville: Baptist Sunday School Board, 1987.

631.    Price, Randall and H. Wayne House, Zondervan Handbook of Biblical Archaeology, Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2017.

632.    Lilley, J. “Josiah.” The Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible. Rev. ed., 807-810, vol. 3, Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.

633.    Aḥituv, S. “The Mesha‘ Inscription,” In Echoes from the Past: Hebrew and Cognate Inscriptions from the Biblical Period, translated by A. F. Rainey, 398-418. Jerusalem: Carta, 2008. 

634.    Dearman, A. ed. Studies in the Mesha Inscription and Moab. Archaeology and Biblical Studies 2. Atlanta: Scholars, 1989.

635.    Lemaire, A. “House of David” Restored in Moabite Inscription,” In Biblical Archaeology Review, 20/3 (1994): 30-37.

636.    Lemaire, A., “The Mesha Stele and the Omri Dynasty.” In Ahab Agonistes: The Rise and Fall of the Omri Dynasty, edited by L. L. Grabbe. Old Testament Studies 421, European Seminar in Historical Methodology 5, 135-144. London: T & T Clark, 2007.

637.    Rainey, A. F. “Syntax, Hermeneutics and History.” Israel Exploration Journal (1998) 48: 239-251.

638.    Rainey, A. F. “Following up on the Ekron and Mesha Inscriptions.” Israel Exploration Journal (2000) 50: 116-117.

639.    Rainey, A. F. “Mesha’s Attempt to Invade Judah (2 Chron. 20),” In Studies in Historical Geography and Biblical Historiography Presented to Zecharia Kallai, edited by G. Galil and M. Weinfeld, 174-176. Leiden: Brill, 2000.

640.    Rainey, A. F. “Mesha‘ and Syntax,” In The Land That I Will Show You: Essays on the History and Archaeology of the Ancient Near East in Honour of J. Maxwell Miller, edited by J. A. Dearman and M. P. Graham, 287-307. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series 343. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 2001.

641.    Torczyner, Harry. Lachish I: The Lachish Letters. London: Oxford University Press, 1938. 

642.    Rainey, A. F. "Watching for the Signal Fires of Lachis," PEQ 119, (1987)149–151.

643.    Marjo C. A. Korpel, “Seals of Jezebel and Other Women in Authority,” Journal for Semitics 15 (2006), 358-371.

644.    K. A. Kitchen, "Late-Egyptian Chronology and the Hebrew Monarchy," Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society of Columbia University (1973) 5:225–233.

645.    A. B. Lloyd, "The Late Period (664–332 BC)," in The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, ed. I. Shaw (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), pp. 369-394.

646.    N. Avigad. A Seal of 'Manasseh Son of the King' Israel Exploration Journal Vol. 13, No. 2 (1963), pp. 133-136.

647.    K. Lawson Younger, “The Deportations of the Israelites,” JBL 117/2 (1998) 201-227.

648.    K. Lawson Younger, ““Give us Our Daily Bread’–Everyday Life for the Israelite Deportees.” R. E. Averbeck, M. W. Chavalas and D. S. Weisberg (eds.), Life and Culture in the Ancient Near East (Bethesda, Md.: CDL, 2003).

649.    K. Lawson Younger, “Israelites in Exile. Their Names Appear at All Levels of Assyrian Society.” Biblical Archaeology Review 29/6:36-45, 65-66.

650.    Jansen-Winkeln, K. "The Third Intermediate Period." In Ancient Egyptian Chronology, edited by E. Hornung, R. Krauss, and D. A. Warburton, (2006): 234–264. Leiden: Brill.

651.    Kitchen, K.A. "Late-Egyptian Chronology and the Hebrew Monarchy," Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society of Columbia University, 5 (1973) 225–33.

652.    M. Cogan, Sennacherib's Siege of Jerusalem pp. 302-303 in W. W. Hallo and K. L. Larson, Jr. The Context of Scripture: Monumental Inscriptions from the Biblical World Vol. 2. Brill: Leiden, 2000.

653.    Barkay, Gabriel et al. “The Amulets from Ketef Hinnom: A New Edition and Evaluation.” BASOR 334 (May 2004): 41–71.

654.    C. C. Smith, “Jehu and the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III.,” in Scripture in History and Theology: Essays in Honor of J. Coert Rylaarsdam, ed. A. L. Merrill and T. W. Overholt, Pittsburgh Theological Monograph Series 17 (Pittsburgh, PA: Pickwick, 1977), pp. 71–105. 

655.    K. Lawson Younger, Jr. “Black Obelisk,” in Context of Scripture, Monumental Inscriptions from the Biblical World, ed. W. H. Hallo (Leiden: Brill, 2000), vol. 2, pp. 269, 270.

656.    Jursa, M. “Der neubabylonische Hof.” In Der Achämenidenhof/The Achaemenid Court, Classica et Orientalia 2, edited by B. Jacobs and R. Rollinger, 67–106. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2010.

657.    Da Riva, Rocio. “Nebuchadnezzar II's Prism (EŞ 7834): A New Edition,” Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie 103 (2013): 196–229.

658.    Mitchell, T. C. The Bible in the British Museum: Interpreting the Evidence. British Museum, 1988.

659.    Rogerson, John. Chronicle of the Old Testament Kings. Thames and Hudson, 1999.

660.    Pike, Dana M. “Israel’s Divided Monarchy, Part 2 (841-722 BCE)” In A Bible Readers History of the Ancient World, edited by Kent P. Jackson. Brigham Young University, 2016.

661.    Herzog, Chaim and Mordechai Gichon, Battles of the Bible. Greenhill Books, 1997.

662.    Jean Bottero, La plus vieille religion en Mésopotamie (Paris: Gallimard, 1998).

663.    Georges Roux, Delphes, son oracle et ses dieux (Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1976).

664.    Avigad, Nahman “Samaria (City),” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, vol. 4, 1304-1306. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, 1993.

665.    Noegel, Scott B. “The Samaria Ostraca,” In The Ancient Near East: Historical Sources, edited by Mark W. Chavalas, 396-399. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 2006.

666.    L. F. DeVries, "Cult Stands: A Bewildering Variety of Shapes and Sizes." Biblical Archaeology Review 13.4 (1987): 26 - 33, 36 - 37.

667.    P. R. S. Moorey, Ancient near Eastern Terracottas: With a Catalogue of the Collection in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford (Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, 2001).

668.    B. Muller, Les "Maquettes Architecturales" Du Proche-Orient Ancien : Mésopotamie, Syrie, Palestine Du Iiie Au Milieu Du Ier Millénaire Av. J.-C. 2 vols. Bibliothèque Archéologique Et Historique: Institut français d'archéologie du Proche-Orient, 2002.

669.    K. van der Toorn, "The Use of Images in Israel and the Ancient near East." In Sacred Time, Sacred Place. Archaeology and the Religion of Israel, ed. B. Gittlen (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2002), pp. 45-62.

670.    Robert Wilson, “Genealogy, Genealogies,” in David Noel Freedman, ed., The Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 2, p. 931.

671.    Arav, Rami. “Golan.” In The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, vol. 2, (1992) New York: Doubleday.

672.    Hershel Shanks, “Has David Been Found in Egypt?” Biblical Archaeology Review 25.1 (1999): 34–35.

673.     K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003), pp. 36-37, 92-93, 521, 615.

674.    Israël Finkelstein and Neil Silberman, Les rois sacrés de la Bible. À la recherche de David et Salomon (Paris: Éditions Bayard, 2006).

675.    Kenneth Anderson Kitchen, On the reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003).

676.    E. R. Thiele, The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings: A Reconstruction of the Chronology of the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951).

677.    Y. Garfinkel, M. R. Golub, M.R., H. Misgav, and S. Ganor, “The ‘Isba’al Inscription from Khirbet Qeiyafa.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (2015), vol. 373, pp. 217-233.

678.    http://qeiyafa.huji.ac.il/eshbaal2.asp, accessed on 30 March 2017.

679.    Borowski, AIAI.

680.    Borowski, DLBT.

681.    Borowski, ELTDUAAI.

682.    King and Stager, LBI.

683.    MacDonald, WDAIE.

684.    Victor H. Matthews and Don C. Benjamin, Old Testament Parallels: Laws and Stories from the Ancient Near East (revised and expanded second edition) (New York: Paulist, 1997).

685.    Peter R. Ackroyd, Exile and Restoration (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1968).

686.    Alexander Flinder. Is This Solomon’s Seaport? Biblical Archaeology Review 15:4, July/August 1989.

687.    Brakay, G. “The Iron Age II-III,” In The Archaeology of Ancient Israel, edited by Amnon Ben-Tor. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992.

688.    Ussishkin, D. “Lachish,” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, vol. 3, Jerusalem: Carta, 1993).

689.    Mazar, Amihai. Archaeology of the Land of the Bible, 10000-586 B.C.E. New Haven/London: Yale University Press, 1992.

690.    Clines, David J. A. “Lachish.” The Dictionary of the Classical Hebrew, vol. 4. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2011.

691.    Pardee, Dennis. “Lachish Ostraca.” In Context of Scripture, edited by William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger. Leiden/Boston: Brill, 2003.

692.    Ster, Ephraim. Archaeology of the Land of the Bible, vol. 2. New York/London: Doubleday, 2001.

693.    Correa, Teofilo. “Laquish en la Edad de Hierro: Identificación del Laquish Bíblico.” Theologika, 25, no. 1 (2010): 48-75.

694.    Kayser, Walter C. Jr. A History of Israel. From the Bronze Age Through the Jewish Wars. Nashville Broadman & Holman Publishing, 1998.

695.    Mazar, Amihai. “Qasile, Tell.” The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1993.

696.    Ngo, Robin. “King Hezekiah in the Bible: Royal Seal of Hezekiah Comes to Light,” Biblical Archaeology Review, 2015.

697.    Briant, P. From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002.

698.    Lipschits, O. The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem: Jerusalem under Babylonian Rule. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2005.

699.    Suiter, David E. “Artaxerxes (Person),” In The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary, 464. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

700.    Eshel, Hanan and Boaz Zissu. “Two Notes on the History and Archaeology of Judea in the Persian Period," In "I Will Speak the Riddles of Ancient Times": Archaeological and Historical Studies in Honor of Amihai Mazar on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday. Edited by Aren M. Maeir and Pierre de Miroschedji, 823-831. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2006. 

701.    Gropp, Douglas M. “The Wadi Daliyeh Documents Compared to the Elephantine Documents,” In The Dead Sea Scrolls Fifty Years after their Discovery: Proceedings of the Jerusalem Congress, July 20-25, 1997, edited by Lawrence H. Schiffman et al, 862-835, Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, in collaboration with The Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, 2000.

702.    Williamson, Hugh G. M. Ezra, Nehemiah. Word Biblical Commentary 16. Dallas: Word Publisher, 1985.

703.    Breasted, James H. Ancient records of Egypt: the eighteenth dynasty. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, (1906): 163. 

704.    Miriam Avissar, Miriam. 1998. "Lod: A Mosaic Floor." In Excavations and Surveys in Israel 17, (1998):169-172.

705.    P.-R. Berger, “Der Kyros-Zylinder mit dem Zusatzfragment BIN II Nr. 32 und die akkadischen Personennamen im Danielbuch“, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 64 (1975), 192–234.

706.    Irving Finkel, ed., The Cyrus Cylinder: The King of Persia’s Proclamation from Ancient Babylon, (London: Tauris, 2013) (most up-to-date translation on pp. 4–7). See also “The Cyrus Cylinder” in The British Museum Online Collection under http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=327188&partId=1.

707.    Amelie Kuhrt, “The Cyrus Cylinder and Achaemenid Imperial Policy,” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 25 (1988), 83-97.

708.    Piotr Michalowski, “The Cyrus Cylinder,” in The Ancient Near East: Historical Sources in Translation, Mark W. Chavalas, ed. Blackwell's Sourcebooks in Ancient History (Oxford: Blackwell, 2006), pp. 426–430.

709.    Dempster, S. G. “The Place of Nehemiah in the Canon of Scripture: Wise Builder.” The Southern Baptist Journal of Theology, vol. 9, 38-50. Louisville, KY: 2005.

710.    Provan, I. “2 Kings” In Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary, edited by J. H. Walton. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, (2009): 188.

711.    I. Provan, V. P. Long, and T. Longman, T., III, A Biblical History of Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2003.

712.    North, “Nehemiah,” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited D. N. Freedman. New York: Doubleday. (1992):1068-1071.

713.    Xenophon. Cyropaedia. in. 1.3.90

714.    Yamauchi, Edwin M. “Ezra and Nehemiah,” Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary, edited by J. H. Walton. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009: 394-467.

715.    Doukhan, Jacques. On the Way to Emmaus: Five Major Messianic Prophecies Explained. Clarksville, Md.: Lederer, 2012.

716.    Eusebius, History of the Church

717.    Olmstead, A. T. History of the Persian Empire. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1959.

718.    Rainey, Anson F. and R. Steven Notley, The Sacred Bridge: Carta's Atlas of the Biblical World, edited by Shmuel Ahituv. Jerusalem: Carta, 2006.

719.    Seth Bledsoe, “Elephantine Papyri,” in The Lexham Bible Dictionary, John D. Berry et al, eds. (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2016).

720.    B. Porten, The Elephantine Papyri in English: Three Millennia of Cross-Cultural Continuity     and Change (New York: Brill, 1996).

721.    B. Porten and J. A. Lund, Aramaic Documents from Egypt: A Key-Word-in-Context     Concordance (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002).

722.    S. G. Rosenberg, “The Jewish Temple at Elephantine,” Near Eastern Archaeology (67. 1: 4-13, 2004).

723.    Kelly Whitcomb, “Elephantine,” The Lexham Bible Dictionary, John D. Berry et al, eds. (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2016).

724.    Philip. S. Alexander, "Targum, Targumim,” in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, David N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 6, pp. 320-331.

725.    Paul V. M. Flesher, “The Targumim in the Context of Rabbinic Literature,” in Introduction to Rabbinic Literature, Jacob Neusner, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1994), p 611-629.

726.    Dessel, J. P. "Ramat Rahel." The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. Edited by E. M. Meyers. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. 

727.    Lipschitz, O. The Fall and Rise of Jerusalem: Judah under Babylonian Rule. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2005. 

728.    Younker, R. W. "Beth Haccherem." The Anchor Bible Dictionary. Edited by D. N. Freedman et. Al, 2:686-687. New York: Doubleday, 1992. 

729.    James B. Pritchard, The Ancient Near Eastern Texts, third edition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1969), 491-492.

730.    P. de Miroschedji, “Tel Jarmuth.” in The New encyclopedia of archaeological excavations in the Holy Land. Edited by Stern, Ephraim Stern, Ayelet Levịnzon-Gilboa, and Joseph Aviram, eds. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), pp. 661-665

731.    Randall W. Younker and Richard M. Davidson, “The Myth of the Solid Heavenly Dome: Another Look at the Hebrew רָקִ֖יעַ (RĀQÎA‘),” AUSS 49.1 (2011): 125-147.

732.    Francesca Rochberg-Halton, “Astrology in the Ancient Near East,” in the Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol. 1, pp. 504-507.

733.    S. Kuehn, The Dragon in Medieval East Christian and Islamic Art (Leiden: Brill, 2011).

734.    A. Lacocque, "The Deconstruction of Job’s Fundamentalism" Journal of Biblical Literature 126 (2007)1:83–97.

735.    Jakob Jóhnsson, Humor and Irony in the New Testament (Reykjavik: B. M., 1965). 

736.    Elton Trueblood, The Humor of Christ (New York: Harper & Row, 1964). 

737.    M. Conrad Hyers, And God Created Laughter: The Bible as Divine Comedy (Atlanta: Westminster, 1987). 

738.    Eric Csapo & William J. Slater, The Context of Ancient Drama (Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1994). 

739.    J. William Whedbee, The Bible and the Comic Vision (New York: CUP, 1998). 

740.    Hershey H. Friedman, “Humor in the Hebrew Bible”, Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, vol. 13, no. 3, 2000, pp. 258-285. 

741.    Leonard J. Greenspoon, Jews and Humor (West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press, 2011).

742.    Jean Bottero, La Plus vieille religion en Mésopotamie (Paris: Gallimard, 1988).

743.    Bendt Alster, ed., Wisdom of Ancient Sumer (Bethesda: CDL Press, 2005).

744.    Cahiers Évangile supplément 46, Sagesses de l’Égypte ancienne (Paris: Ed. du CERF, 1997).

745.    Cahiers Évangile supplément 85, Sagesses Mésopotamie (Paris: Ed. du CERF, 1993).

746.    Adam Falkenstein and W. von Soden,. Sumerische und Akkadische Hymnen un Gebete (Zürich-Sttutgart, 1953).

747.    Ake. Sjöberg and E. Bergamann, The collection of the Sumerian temple Hymns (New York: 1969).

748.    Avigad, N. and B. Sass. Corpus of West Semitic Stamp Seals. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society, 1997.

749.    Beckman, G. Hittite Birth Rituals, an Introduction. Malibu: Undena, 1978. 

750.    Bird, P. “The Place of Women in the Israelite Cultus,” In Ancient 

751.    Israelite Religion, edited J. Patrick D. Miller, P. D. Hanson, and S. D. McBride, 397-419. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1987. 

752.    Cartledge, T. W. 1 & 2 Samuel. Macon, GA: Smyth & Helwys, 2001. 

753.    Dever, William. Did God Have A Wife? Archaeology and Folk Religion in Ancient Israel. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005.

754.    King, P. J. and L. E. Stager. Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2001. 

755.    Klein, R. W. 1 Samuel. Word Bible Commentary. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1983. 

756.    Meyers, C. “Of Drums and Damsels: Women's Performance in Ancient Israel,” Biblical Archaeologist 54 (1993): 16-27. 

757.    Dever, W. G. and S. Gitin, eds. “Material Remains and Social Relations: Women's Culture in Agrarian Households of the Iron Age,” In Symbiosis, Symbolism and the Power of the Past: Canaan, Ancient Israel, and Their Neighbors from the Late Bronze Age through Roman Palaestina: Proceedings of the Centennial Symposium, 425-444. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2003. 

758.    Households and Holiness: The Religious Culture of Israelite Women. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2005. 

759.    Rediscovering Eve: Ancient Israelite Women in Context. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.

760.    Zevit, Z. The Religions of Ancient Israel: a Synthesis of Parallactic Approaches. New York: Continuum, 2001. 

761.    W. F. Albright, “A Teacher to a Man of Shechem About 1400 B.C. Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research (1986) 86:28-31.

762.    O. Borowski, “Agriculture,” The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and Archaeology, Daniel M. Master ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), vol. 1, pp. 13-21.

763.    R. A. DiVito, “Lachish Letters,” The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 4, pp. 126-128.

764.    J. Elayi, “Name of Deuteronomy’s Author found on Seal Ring,” Biblical Archaeology Review (1987) 13:54-56.

765.    S. Himelstein, “Education,” The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion. 2nd ed. Aledel Berlin, ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), pp. 229, 230.

766.    H. Shanks, “Fingerprint of Jeremiah’s Scribe,” Biblical Archaeological Review (1996) 22:36-38.

767.    Y. Shiloh, “A Group of Hebrew Bullae From the City of David,” Israel Exploration Journal (1986) 36:16-38.

768.    R. E. Tappy and P. K. McCarter, Literate Culture and Tenth-Century Canaan: The Tell Zayit Abecedary in Context (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2008)

769.    Ruffle, John. "The Teaching of Amenemope and its Connection with the Book of Proverbs," Learning from the Sages; Studies on the Book of Proverbs, edited by Roy B. Zuck, Baker Book House, (1995): 293–331.

770.    Ruffle, John. 1975. "The Teaching of Amenemope and its Connection with the Book of Proverbs." Tyndale Bulletin 28, (1975): 29–68. The Tyndale Biblical Archaeology Lecture.

771.    Ray, J. D. "Egyptian Wisdom Literature." In John Day, et al. Wisdom in Ancient Israel." Cambridge University Press, (1997): 17-29.

772.    Erman, Adolf. "Eine ägyptische Quelle der 'Sprüche Salomos'." Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 15, (1924) 86-93, pl. VI-VII.

773.    Fox, Michael. "The formation of Proverbs 22:17-23:11," Die Welt des Orients 38, (2008): 22-37.

774.    Hallo, William W. “The First Purim,” Biblical Archaeologist 46, no. 1, 19-29. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1983.

775.    Marya T. Roth, “Pūru B,” In The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, vol. 12, 528, 529. Chicago: Oriental Institute, 2005.

776.    Stanley Mayer Burstein, The Babyloniaca of Berossus (Malibu: Undena, 1978).

777.    A. K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles (Locust Valley: J. J. Augustin Publisher, 1975).

778.    Amélie Kuhrt, The Ancient Near East c. 3000-330 BC (London: Routledge, 1995), vol. 2.

779.    The Context of Scripture, W. W. Hallo, ed. (Leiden: Brill, 2003), 3 vols..

780.    David Stronach and Kim Codella, “Nineveh,” The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. E. M. Meyers, ed. (New York: Oxford University, 1997), vol. 4, pp. 144-148.

781.    David Stronach and Stephen Lumsden, “UC Berkeley’s Excavations at Nineveh.” Biblical Archaeologist 55, no. 4 (1992): 227-233.

782.    Fincke, Jeanette, C. "The British Museum's Ashurbanipal Library Project," Iraq Volume 66, (2004). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021088900001637. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

783.    Taylor, Johnathan. "Areas of Nineveh, Ashurbanipal Library Project." The Ashurbanipal Library Project, Department of the Middle East, The British Museum, Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG, 2015. http://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/Asbp/areasofnineveh/

784.    Austen Henry Layard, Nineveh and Its Remains: A Narrative of an Expedition to Assyria during the Years 1845, 1846, & 1847 (Lyons: Guilford, 1882, reprinted 2001: Lyons).

785.    Lucas P. Petit and Daniele Morandi Bonacossi, eds., Nineveh, the Great City: Symbol of Beauty and Power. Papers on Archaeology of the Leiden Museum of Antiquities 13. (Leiden: Sidestone, 2017).

786.    John Malcolm Russel, “Nineveh, The Great City,” in Royal Cities of the Biblical World. Edited by Joan Goodnick Westenholz. Jerusalem: Bible Lands Museum, 1996), pp. 150-170.

787.    John Malcolm Russel, The Final Sack of Nineveh: The Discovery, Documentation and Destruction of King Sennacherib’s Throne Room at Nineveh, Iraq (New Haven: Yale University, 1998).

788.    David Stronach and Kim Codella, 1997“Nineveh,” in The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. Ed. by E. M. Meyers (New York: Oxford University, 1997), vol. 4, pp. 144-148.

789.    David Stronach and Stephen Lumsden, “UC Berkeley’s Excavations at Nineveh,” Biblical Archaeologist 55/4 (1992): 227-233.

790.    Yamauchi, Edwin M. Marvin R. Wilson. "Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical & Post-Biblical Antiquity: Ivory" eBook. Hendrickson Publishers: 2016.

791.    Greenfield, Jonas. “The Marzeah as a Social Institution.” Acta Antiqua (Budapest) 22 (1974): 451–455.

792.    Robin G. Branch and Emerson B. Powery, “Wealth & Poverty,” in Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical & Post-biblical Antiquity, Edwin M. Yamauchi and Mar R. Wilson, eds. (Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers, 2016), vol. 4, pp. 370, 371.

793.    Tenney and Silva, Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible, rev. ed. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009), vol. 4, pp. 938, 939.    

794.    Stanley Mayer Burstein, The Babyloniaca of Berossus (Malibu: Undena Publication, 1978).

795.    The Context of Scripture. W. W. Hallo, ed. (Leiden: Brill, 2003), 3 vols.

796.    John Curtis, The Cyrus Cylinder and Ancient Persia (London: The British Museum, 2013).

797.    Irving Finkel, “Belshazzar’s Feast and the Fall of Babylon,” in Babylon, I. L. Finkel and M. J. Seymour, eds. (London: British Museum, 2009), pp. 170-172. 

798.    A. K. Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles (Locust Valley: J. J. Augustin Publisher, 1975).

799.    Herodotus, The Histories. Trans. by Tom Holland (New York: Penguin Books, 2013).

800.    Amélie Kuhrt, The Ancient Near East c. 3000–330 BC (London: Routledge, 1995), vol. 2.

801.    Joan Oates, Babylon (London: Thames & Hudson, 1986).

802.    The Cyrus Cylinder. Irving Finkel, ed. (London: I. B. Tauris, 2013).

803.    Wouter F. M. Henkelman, Amélie Kuhrt, Robert Rollinger, and Josef Wiesehöfer, “Herodotus and Babylon Reconsidered.” Classica et Orentalia 3 (2011): 449–470.

804.    Xenophon. Cyropaedia: The Education of Cyrus. Trans. by Henry Graham Dakyns. F. M. Stawell, ed. (Urbana, Ill.: Project Gutenberg). Last updated August 9, 2011.

805.    Kuhrt, Amélie. The Persian Empire. Abingdon: Routledge, 2007.

806.    Stronach, David. “Archaeology II: Median and Achaemenid.” Encyclopaedia Iranica. Last updated August 11, 2011. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/archeology-ii.

807.    David Stronach and Ali Mousavi, eds. Ancient Iran from the Air. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern, 2012.

808.    David Stronach and Michael Road, Nush-i Jan I. the Major Buildings of the Median Settlement. British Institute of Persian Studies. Leuven: Peeters, 2007.

809.    Hershel Shanks, “Has David Been Found in Egypt?” Biblical Archaeology Review 25.1 (1999): 34–35.

810.     K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003), pp. 36-37, 92-93, 521, 615.

811.    Israël Finkelstein and Neil Silberman, Les rois sacrés de la Bible. À la recherche de David et Salomon (Paris: Éditions Bayard, 2006).

812.    Kenneth Anderson Kitchen, On the reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003).

813.    Paul-Alain Beaulieu, The Reign of Nabonidus, King of Babylon 556–539 B.C. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989).

814.    Raymond Philip Dougherty: Nabonidus and Belshazzar: A Study of the Closing Events of the Neo-Babylonian Empire (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1929).

815.    Johannes Haubold, Greece and Mesopotamia: Dialogues in Literature (Cambridge University Press, 2013).

816.    Kenneth A. Kitchen, "The Aramaic of Daniel," in D. J. Wiseman, ed., Notes on Some Problems in the Book of Daniel (London, 1965).

817.    Emanuel Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible. 2nd. ed., rev. (Minneapolis, 1992).

818.    Udo Worschech, Daniel Questions Debattues (Collongers Sous Saleve, 1980).

819.    Patrick Mazani, “The Book of Daniel in Light of the Ancient Near Eastern Literary and Material Finds: An Archaeological Perspective.” Ph.D. dissertation, Andrews University, 2008.

820.    Dennis M. Swanson, “Great Sea,” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, ed. David Noel Freedman (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp. 527, 528.

821.    Meir Lubetski, “Great Sea,” The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 2, pp. 1091, 1092.

822.    Eric H. Cline, ed., The Oxford Handbook of the Bronze Age Aegean (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).

823.    Marie-Claire Amouretti and Françoise Ruzé, Le monde grec antique (Paris: Hachette HU Histoire, 2003).

824.    Jeremy, Black. “Omens and Divination.” In Dictionary of the Ancient Near East, edited by Piotr Bienkowski and Allan Millard, 218-219. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000.

825.    Jeyes, Ulla. Old Babylonian Extispicy: Omen Texts in the British Museum. Leiden: Mederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, 1989.

826.    Jeyes, Ulla “Divination as a Science in Ancient Mesopotamia,” Jaarbericht Ex Oriente Lux 32 (1991-1992): 23–41.

827.    Wahbi Abdul-Razak, “Ishtar Gate and Its Inner Wall,” Sumer 35:(1979), 117–126.

828.    Bill T. Arnold, Who Were the Babylonians (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2004).

829.    Lester L. Grabbe, “The Belshazzar of Daniel and the Belshazzar of History,” AUSS, Spring, 1988, vol. 26, no. 1, 67-81.

830.    Gerhard F. Hasel, “The First and Third Years of Belshazzar,” AUSS, 1977.

831.    William H. Shea, “Nabonidus, Belshazzar, and the Book of Daniel: An Update,” AUSS Summer, 1982, vol. 20, no. 2, 133-149.

832.    William H. Shea, “Bel(te)shazzar Meets Belshazzar,” AUSS, Spring 1988, vol. 26, no 1, 67-81.

833.    Joan Aruz, Joan, Yelena Rakic, and Sarah Graff, Assyria to Iberia: at the Dawn of the Classical Age (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of New York, 2014).

834.    Edward Lipinski, Itineraria Phoenicia XVIII, Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta 127. (Leuven-Paris-Dudley MA: Peeters, 2004).

835.    H. J. Franken, “Pottery Technology in Ancient Palestine,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 429-433.

836.    Bryant G. Wood, Sociology of Pottery in Ancient Palestine: the Ceramic Industry and the Diffusion of Ceramic Style in the Bronze and Iron Ages. Journal for the Study of Old Testament Series 103 JSOT/ASOR, 1990.

837.    Gerhard Hasel, “Sabbath,” in The Anchor Bible Dictionary. David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 849-856.

838.    COS= The Context of Scripture: Archival Documents from the Biblical World. William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger, Jr., eds. (Boston: Brill, 2003), vol. 3.

839.    TAD= Textbook of Aramaic Documents from Ancient Egypt. Bezalel Porten and Ada Yardeni, eds. (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1986), vol. 4.

840.    Roy Gane, The NIV Application Commentary: Leviticus, Numbers (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2004).

841.    Denis Cole, “Wine,” in Eerdmans’ Dictionary of the Bible. David Noel Freedman, ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp. 1379, 1380.

842.    Allan R. Millard, “Aram,” in Dictionary of the Ancient Near East, ed. Piotr Bienkowski and Allan Millard (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000), p. 27.

843.    Wayne T. Pitard, “Damascus,” in Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, ed. David Noel Freedman (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), pp. 308, 309.

844.    H. Misgav, and S.IBriant, P. From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002.

845.    Hasel, Gerhard F. “Establishing a Date for the Book of Daniel,” In Symposium on Daniel: Introductory and Exegetical Studies, ed. Frank B. Holbrook. Daniel and Revelation Committee Series, vol. 2. Washington, DC: Biblical Research Institute of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists, 1986.

846.    Lipschits, O. and M. Deming, Judah and the Judeans in the Persian Period. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2006.

847.    Stronach, D. “Anshan and Parsa: Early Achaemenid History, Art and Architecture on the Iranian Plateau,” In Mesopotamia and Iran in the Persian Period, edited by John Curtis. London: British Museum Press, 1997.

848.    Velázquez, Efrain. An Archaeological Reading of Malachi. Ph.D. Dissertation, Andrews University, 2008.

849.    Wojciech Machowski, Petra: An Archaeological Guide. Ian Jenkins, trans. (ArchaeoGuides, 2015).

850.    Glenn Markoe, ed., Petra Rediscovered: Lost City of the Nabataeans (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2003).

851.    Judith McKenzie, The Architecture of Petra (Oxford: Oxbow, 2005).

852.    Shaber M. Rababeh, How Petra Was Built. BAR International Series 1460. (Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, 2006).

853.    Isabelle Ruben, ed., The Petra Siq: Nabataean Hydrology Uncovered (Amman: Petra National Trust, 2003).

854.    Jane Taylor, Petra and the Lost Kingdom of the Nabataeans (Cambridge: Harvard University, 2002).

855.    Kenyon, K. “Samaria.” In Enciclopedia de la Biblia. Barcelona: Ediciones Garriga, S. A., 1965.

856.    Purvis, James D. “Samaria.” In The Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by Daniel Noel Freedman, 914-917, vol. 5. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

857.    Tappy, Ron. “Samaria.” In The Oxford Archaeology in the Near East. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

858.    K. Deller, “The Assyrian Eunuchs and Their Predecessors,” in Priests and Officials in the Ancient Near East, ed. K. Watanabe (Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter, 1999), pp. 303-312. 

859.    Robert Noth, “Postexilic Judean Officials,” in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 86-90.

860.    Parry, D. W. and E. Qimron, eds. The Great Isaiah Scroll (1QIsaa): A New Edition, Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah 32. Leiden: Brill, 1999.

861.    Ulrich, E. and P. W. Flint. Qumran Cave 1.II: The Isaiah Scrolls: Part 1: Plates and Transcriptions, Discoveries in the Judaean Desert 32. Oxford: Clarendon, 2011.

862.    W. Dever, Who were the early Israelites, and where did they come from? (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003).

863.    S. Gibson, “Agricultural Terraces and Settlement Expansion in the Highlands of Early Iron Age Palestine: Is There Any Correlation between the Two?” In A. Mazar, Studies in the archaeology of the Iron Age in Israel and Jordan (Sheffield Academic Press, 2001).

864.    D. C. Hopkins, “Agriculture.” In The Oxford encyclopedia of archaeology in the Near East, E. M. Meyers, ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).

865.    A. Mazar, “The Israelite Settlement.” In I. Finkelstein, A. Mazar, B. B. Schmidt & International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism. Colloquium. The quest for the historical Israel: Debating archaeology and the history of early Israel, invited lectures delivered at the Sixth Biennial Colloquium of the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism, Detroit, October 2005 (Archaeology and Biblical Studies; no. 17). Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2007).

866.    F. R. Troeh and R. L. Donahue, Dictionary of agricultural and environmental science (Iowa: Iowa State Press, 2003).

867.    R. Albertz and R. Schmitt, Family and Household Religion in Ancient Israel and the Levant (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2012).

868.    W. G. Dever, Did God Have a Wife? (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2005).

869.    Freedman, D. N., ed., The Anchor Bible Dictionary. New York: Doubleday, 1992).

870.    O. Keel and C. Uehlinger,     Gods, Goddessess, and the Images of God (Minneapolis, Minn: Fortress, 1998).

871.    B. Lang, Monotheism and the Prophetic Minority: An Essay in Biblical History and Sociology. Sheffield, UK: Almond, 1983).

872.    A. Mazar, Archaeology of the Land of the Bible (New York: Doubleday, 1990).

873.    C. L. Meyers, Discovering Eve: Ancient Israelite Women in Context (New York: Oxford University, 1988).

874.    R. Patai, The Hebrew Goddess (Detroit, Mich.: Wayne State University, 1990).

875.    K. van der Toorn, “Goddesses in Early Israelite Religion, in Ancient Goddesses: The Myths and the Evidence, C. Morris and L. Goodison., eds. (Madison, Wis: University of Wisconsin, 1998).

876.    Eric M. Meyers, ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

877.    Michael D. Coogan, The Old Testament: A Historical and Literary Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011).

878.    Teofilo Correa, La Gloria del Señor en Isaías (Entre Rios: Editorial Universidad Adventista del Plata, 2017).

879.    Walter A. Elwell and Philip Wesley Comfort, “Isaiah,” Tyndale Bible Dictionary, Tyndale Reference Library (Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers, 2001).

880.    J. Alec Motyer, The Prophecy of Isaiah (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1993).

881.    G. L. Robinson and R. K. Harrison, “Isaiah,” in International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1982), vol. 2, pp. 896-902.

882.    G. H. Twelftree, “Sanhedrin,” in Dictionary of New Testament Background. Craig A. Evans and Stanley E. Porter, eds. (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2000), pp. 1061-1065.

883.    Aharon Kempinski and Ronny Reich, The Architecture of Ancient Israel: From the Prehistoric to the Persian Periods (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1992).

884.    Fouglas Clark, Larry Herr, and Gloria London, “This Old House: Daily Life in Ancient Israel. Spectrum 32/4: 12-23. 

885.    Jack Holladay. “House, Israelite,” in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. III, pp. 308-318.

886.    Eilat Mazar, Preliminary Report on the City of David Excavations 2005 at the Visitors Center Area [Jerusalem and New York: Shalem, 2007], pp. 67–69

887.    Eilat Mazar, The Palace of King David: Excavations at the Summit of the City of David: Preliminary Report of Seasons 2005-2007 [Jerusalem/New York: Shoham AcademicResearch and Publication, 2009], pp. 66–71.

888.    Herr, Larry G. “The Inscribed Seal Impression.” In Madaba Plains Project 1: The 1984 Season at Tell el-‘Umeiri and Vicinity and Subsequent Studies, edited by Lawrence T. Geraty, Larry G. Herr, Øystein S. LaBianca, and Randall W. Younker, (1989) 369-374. Berrien Springs, Mich.: Andrews University Press.

889.    Blaiklock, E.M. 1983. “Seals.” In The New International Dictionary of Biblical Archaeology. Edited by Edward Blaiklock and R.K. Harrison, 403–404. Grand Rapids: Zondervan.

890.    Pardee, D. “The Ba’lu Myth,” In The Context of Scripture, edited by W. Halo and K. Lawson Younger, P. King and L. Stager, Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2001.

891.    Brueggemann, Walter. “The Book of Jeremiah Portrait of the Prophet.” Interpretation 37 no. 2 April (1983): 115-187.

892.    Callaway, M. “The Lamenting Prophet and the Modern Self: On the Origins of Contemporary Readings of Jeremiah,” In Inspired Speech Prophecy in the Ancient Near East: Essays in Honor of Herbert B. Huffmon, edited by John Kaltner and Louis Stulman, 48-72. New York: T & T Clark, 2004. 

893.    Fishbane, Michael. Text and Texture: Close Readings of Selected Biblical Texts. New York: Schocken Books, 1979.

894.    Green, Barbara. Jeremiah and God’s Plans of Well-being. Columbia, South Carolina: The University of South Carolina Press, 2013.

895.    Heschel, Abraham. The Prophets. New York: Harper, 1962.

896.    Schöke, L. A. “Jeremias como anti-Moises,” in De la Tôrah au Messie : études d'exégèse et d'herméneutique bibliques offertes à Henri Cazelles pour ses 25 années d'enseignement à l'Institut catholique de Paris, octobre 1979, edited by Maurice Carrez, Joseph Doré, and Pierre Grelot, 245-254. Paris: Desclée, 1981.

897.    Thompson, J. A. The Book of Jeremiah. The New International Commentary on the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980.

898.    Nahman Avigad, "The Seal of Seraiah (Son of) Neriah." Eretz Israel 14, Ginsberg Volume (1978): 86-87.

899.    Yigal Shiloh, "A Group of Hebrew Bullae from the City of David." Israel Exploration Journal 36, no. 1/2 (1986): 16-38.

900.    Hess, Richard. "Scribes." In Dictionary of the Old Testament: Wisdom, Poetry and Writings, edited by Scott C. Jones, Tremper Longman, and Peter Enns, Illinois: Intervarsity Press, 2009.

901.    Topçuoğlu, Oya. "Iconography of Protoliterate Seals." In Visible Language: Inventions of Writing in the Ancient East and Beyond, edited by Christopher Woods, Chicago: The University of Chicago, 2010.

902.    Ahituv, Shmuel and Anson F. Rainey. Echoes from the Past: Hebrew and Cognate Inscriptions from the Biblical Period. Jerusalem: Carta, 2008.

903.    Naveh, Joseph. Origins of the Alphabet: Introduction to Archaeology, Montana, USA: Concordia Publishing House, 2004.

904.    Robinson, Andrew. The story of writing, UK: Thames & Hudson, 2007.

905.    Stern, Ephraim. "Archaeology of the Land of the Bible II." In The Assyrians, Babylonians and Persian Periods, 732-332. New York: Doubleday, 2001.

906.    Yardeni, Ada. The Book of Hebrew Script: History, Palaeography, Script Styles, Calligraphy & Design, Delaware: Oak Knoll Press, 2002.

907.    Cross, Frank M. Leaves from an Epigrapher's Notebook. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2003.

908.    Bertman, Stephen. Handbook to life in ancient Mesopotamia. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005.

909.    Hoffner, Harry and Gary M. Beckman. Letters from the Hittite Kingdom. No. 15. Atlanta, Georgia: Society of Biblical Literature, 2009.

910.    Judith M. Hadley, The Cult of Asherah in Ancient Israel and Judah (Cambridge University Press, 2000).

911.    S. Ahituv, “Notes on the Kuntillet ‘Ajrud Inscriptions,” in E. Eshel and Y. Levin, eds., « See, I Will Bring a Scroll Recounting What Befell Me' (Ps. 40:8): Epigraphy and Daily Life from the Bible to the Talmud, Dedicated to the Memory of Professor Hanan Eshel, JAJ Sup 12. (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014), pp. 29-38.

912.    Reich, Ronny. “Bozrah,” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, edited by Ephraim Stern, vol. 1, (1993): 264-266. (Israel: Simon and Schuster/The Israel Exploration Society and Carta. 

913.    Heath D. Dewrell, Child Sacrifice in Ancient Israel (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2017).

914.    Dennis D. Hughes, D. Human Sacrifice in Ancient Greece (Routledge, 1991).

915.    Patricia Smith, Lawrence E. Stager, Joseph A. Greene, and Gal Avishai, “Cemetery or Sacrifice? Infant Burials at the Carthage Tophet.” Antiquity 87, no. 338 (2013): 1191-1198.

916.    Lawrence E. Stager, “The rite of child sacrifice at Carthage,” in J.G. Pedley, ed., New light on ancient Carthage: 1–11. (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1980).

917.    Jason R. Tatlock, “Human Sacrifice, Ancient Near East,” in The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, Roger S. Bagnall, ed. (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012), pp. 3330-3333.

918.    Paolo Xella, Josephine Quinn, Valentina Melchiorri, and Peter van Dommelen, “Phoenician Bones of Contention.” Antiquity 87, no. 338 (2013): 1199-1207.

919.    Susan Ackerman, “Goddesses,” in Near Eastern Archaeology: A Reader, Suzanne Richard, ed. (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2003), pp. 391-397.

920.    C. Bonnet and D. Valbelle, The Nubian Pharaohs: Black Kings on the Nile (Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2007).

921.    P. Clayton, The Chronicle of the Pharaohs: the Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers and Dynasties of Ancient Egypt (London: Thames and Hudson, 2006).

922.    A. Leahy, "The Earliest Dated Monument of Amasis and the End of the Reign of Apries," The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, 74 (1988): 183–99.

923.    Jursa, M. “Nabû-šarrūssu-ukīn, rab ša-rēši, und ‘Nebusarsekim’ (Jer. 39:3),” Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires, no. 5, 2008.

924.    M. Ottosson, “Gilead,” The Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. David Noel Freedman (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 2, pp. 1020-1022.

925.    David Merling, “Gilead,” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, ed. David Noel Freedman (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000), p. 504.

926.    Ray, Jr. “Kemosh and Moabite Religion.” In Near East Archaeological Society Bulletin Vol 48, (2003): 17-31.

927.    F. G. “Prayer.” BNP 10.

928.    Margaret. Jaques “Mediating between Heaven and Earth: Communication with the Divine in the Ancient Near East.” In "To Talk to One's God": Penitential Prayers in Mesopotamia, edited by C. L.Crouch et al. New York: T & T Clark, 2012.

929.    Kotansky, Roy, “Magika Hiera: Ancient Greek Magic and Religion.” In Incantations and Prayers for Salvation on Inscribed Greek Amulets, edited by Christopher A.; Obbink and Dirk Faraone. New York:Oxford University Press, 1991.

930.    Meijer, P. A. “Faith, Hope and Worship." In Philosophers, Intellectuals and Religion in Hellas, edited by H. S. Versnel. Part 2 of Studies in Greek and Roman Religion, edited by F. T. Van Straten and H. S. Versnel, 216-264. Leiden: Brill, 1981.

931.    an Straten, F. T., “Faith, Hope and Worship: Aspects of Religious Mentality in the Ancient World,” In Gifts for the Gods, part 2 of Studies in Greek and Roman Religion. Edited by H. S.; Van Straten and F. T. Versnel, 65-151. Leiden: Brill, 1981. 

932.    http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/archaeology-today/archaeologists-biblical-scholars-works/joe-zias-under-oath/

933.    Paul L. Maier, ed., Josefo: los escritos esenciales (Grand Rapids: Portavoz, 1992), p. 262.

934.    C. H. Roberts and T. C. Skeat. The Birth of the Codex (Oxford University Press, 1987).

935.    Karen van der Toorn. “From Catalogue to Canon? An Assessment of the Library Hypothesis as a Contribution to the Debate about the Biblical Canon,” Bib Or 63.1-2 (2006): 5-15.

936.    Edwin M. Yamauchi. “Libraries and Book,” in Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical and Post-Biblical Antiquity (Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson, 2017), pp. 1001-1033.

937.    Marvin W. Meyer, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library (New York: HarperOne, 2007). 

938.    Gary Lease, “Nag Hammadi,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 4, pp. 982-984.

939.    Birger A. Pearson, “Nag Hammadi Codices,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 4, pp. 984-993.

940.    Carey, Brian Todd. Warfare in the Ancient. South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Military, 2005. 

941.    Chrissanthos, Stefan G. Warfare in the Ancient World: From the Bronze Age to the Fall of Rome. Westport: Praeger, 2008. 

942.    Gabriel, Richard A. Great Armies of Antiquity. Westport: Praeger Publishers, 2002.

943.    Grayson, A. Kirk. Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1991. 

944.    Mieroop, Marc Van De. A History of the Ancient Near East. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2009. 

945.    Radner, Karen. Ancient Assyria: A very short introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.

946.    Carsten P. Thiede and Matthew d’Ancona, The Jesus Papyrus (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1996). 

947.    D. C. Parker, An Introduction to New Testament Manuscripts and their Texts (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008). 

948.    Eldon J. Epp, "Textual Criticism in the Exegesis of the New Testament" in Stanley E. Porter, ed., Handbook to Exegesis of the New Testament (Leiden: Brill, 1997), pp. 45-98. 

949.    Larry Hurtado, The Earliest Christian Artifacts: Manuscripts and Christian Origins (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2006). 

950.    Philip Comfort, Encountering the Manuscripts: An Introduction to New Testament Paleography and Textual Criticism (Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2005). 

951.    Deterding, Paul E. Colossians. Minneapolis: Concordia Publishing House, 2003.

952.    Ferguson, John. Encyclopedia of Mysticism and Mystery Religions. Crossroad, 1982.

953.    Pao, David W. and Clinton E. Arnold, Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament Colossians and Philemon. Grand Rapids: Zondervan (2012): 128-131. 

954.    Rives, James B. Religion in the Roman Empire. Wiley-Blackwell, 2006.

955.    Sheldon, Henry C. The Mystery Religions and the New Testament. 1918.

956.    Turcan, Robert. The Gods of Ancient Rome: Religion in Everyday Life from Archaic to Imperial Time. Taylor & Francis, 2001.

957.    Wilson, Robert M. Colossians and Philemo. A & C Black, 2005.

958.    Joyce Baldwin, Esther: An Introduction and Commentary (Leicester, Eng.: Inter-Varsity Press, 1984).

959.    William H. Shea, “Esther and History,” AUSS 14 [1976]: 227-246.

960.    Edwin M. Yamauchi, Persia in the Bible (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1990).

961.    Joyce Baldwin, Esther: An Introduction and Commentary (Leicester, Eng.: Inter-Varsity Press, 1984).

962.    William H. Shea, “Esther and History,” AUSS 14 [1976]: 227-246.

963.    Edwin M. Yamauchi, Persia in the Bible (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1990).

964.    Cimok, Fatih. A Guide to the Seven Churches. Yayinlari, 2000.

965.    Fant, Clyde E. and Mitchell G. Reddish, A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford University Press, 2003.

966.    Matthews, Henry. Greco-Roman Cities of Aegean Turkey: History, Archaeology, architecture. Yayinlari, 2014.

967.    Maureen A. Tilley, Donatist Martyr Stories: The Church in Conflict in Roman North Africa, translated with notes and introduction (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1996). 

968.    Bryan M. Litfin, Early Christian Martyr Stories: An Evangelical Introduction with New Translations (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2014).

969.    Gottfried Schiemann, “Carcer,” in Brill’s New Pauly Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World, Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider, eds. (Leiden: Brill, 2003), vol. 2, p. 1091.

970.    Robert Green, Herod the Great (New York: Franklin Watts, 1996).

971.    Jerry Knoblet, Herod the Great (Washington D.C.: University Press of America, 2006).

972.    Ehud Netzer, The architecture of Herod, the great builder (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2006 (Texts and studies in ancient Judaism, Bd. 117).

973.    Duane W. Roller, The Building Program of Herod the Great (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998).

974.    Ferris, P. W. Jr., “Judah, Wilderness of,” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by D.N. Freedman, 1036, vol. 3. New York: Double Day, 1992. 

975.    Frick, F. S. “Palestine, Climate of,” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by D.N. Freedman, 118-127, vol. 5. New York: Double Day, 1992.

976.    “Judean Wilderness,” In The Holy Land Satellite Atlas, 136-143, vol. 1. Nicosia, Cyprus: Rohr Productions, 1994.

977.    Rogerson, John, Atlas of the Bible, 1041-113. New York: Facts on File, 1985.

978.    Lawrence E. Stager, “Farming in the Judean Desert during the Iron Age. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 221 (1976): 145-158. 

979.    Reidar Aasgaard, “Children in Late Ancient Christianity.” in Uncovering Children's Culture in Late Antiquity: The Testimony of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas. Edited by Cornelia B.Horn and Robert R. Phenix (Mohr Siebeck, 2009).

980.    Sharon Betsworth, Children in Early Christian Narratives (London: Bloomsbury, 2015).

981.    D. L. Stamps, “Children in Late Antiquity” DNTB.

982.    Plescia, Joseph. The Oath and Perjury in Ancient Greece. Tallahassee, Fla.: Florida State University Press, 1970.

983.    Worley, David R. “Fleeing to Two Immutable Things, God’s Oath-Taking and Oath-Witnessing: The Use of Litigant Oath in Hebrews 6:12–20,” ResQ 36 (1994): 223–36.

984.    Ziegler, Yael. Promises to Keep: The Oath in Biblical Narrative. Leiden: Brill, 2008.

985.    Malina, Bruce J. and Richard L. Rohrbaugh, Social-Science Commentary on the Synoptic Gospels. Second ed. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2003.

986.    http://www.magdala.org/visit/archaeological-park/synagogue/

987.    Küchler, Max. Jerusalem: Ein Handbuch und Studienreiseführer zur Heiligen Stadt, 174–180, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2007.

988.    Gibson, Shimon. The Cave of John the Baptist: The First Archeological Evidence of the Historical Reality of the Gospel Story. New York: Image Books Doubleday, 2005.

989.    Paroschi, Wilson. “Acts 19:1–7 Reconsidered in Light of Paul’s Theology of Baptism.” AUSS 47.1, 2009.

990.    Taylor, Joan E. Review of The Cave of John the Baptist, by Shimon Gibson. Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 137.2, 2005.

991.    Taylor, Joan E. The Immerser: John the Baptist within Second Temple Judaism. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997.

992.    Webb, Robert L. John the Baptizer and Prophet: A Socio-historical Study. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2006.

993.    Mattila, Sharon Lea. “Revisiting Jesus’ Capernaum: A village of Only Subsistence-level Fishers and Farmers?” In The Galilean Economy in the Time of Jesus, edited by David A. Fiensy and Ralph K. Hawkins, 75-138. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2013. 

994.    McIver, Robert K. “Archaeology of Galilee.” In Content and Setting of the Gospel Tradition, edited by Mark Harding and Alana Nobbs, 1-27. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010.

995.    Finegan, Jack. The Archaeology of the New Testament: The Life of Jesus and the Beginning of the Early Church, Rev. ed. Princeton University Press, 1992.

996.    Magness, J. "The Date of the Synagogue at Chorazin," Michmanim 20, 2007: *7-*18.

997.    Yeivin, Ze’ev. "Ancient Chorazin Comes Back to Life: A Galilee Town is Reconstructed From Fragments." In Biblical Archaeology Review 13, 5 (1987): 22-36.

998.    James H. Charlesworth, Jesus and Archaeology (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 2006, p. 50). 

999.    James F. Strange and Hershel Shanks, “Has the House Where Jesus stayed in Capernaum Been Found?” Biblical Archaeology Review 8:6 (November/December 1982): 26-37. 18.

1000.    John J. Rousseau and Rami Arav, “Capernaum,” in Jesus and His World: An Archaeological and Cultural Dictionary (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress Press, 1995), p. 40.

1001.    Franz, G. “‘Does Your Teacher Not Pay the [Temple] Tax?’ (Mt 17:24–27).” Bible and Spade, 10 (1997):81-87.

1002.    Hendin, D. Guide to Biblical Coins, fourth ed. New York: Amphora, 2002. 

1003.    Webster, Graham. The Roman Imperial Army of the first and second centuries A.D, 3rd ed. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.

1004.    Campbell, J. Brian, ed. The Roman Army, 31 BC-AD 337: A Sourcebook. London; New York: Routledge, 2015.

1005.    Avigad, N. Discovering Jerusalem. Nashville: Abingdon, 1983.

1006.    Evans, Craig A. “Mark 8:27–16:20, Word Biblical Commentary. Dallas: Word, Incorporated, vol. 34B, (2001): 463–464.

1007.    Geva, Hillel. Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City Jerusalem Volume IV: The Burnt House of Area B and Other Studies. Israel Exploration Society, 2010.

1008.    Arav, Rami and Richard A. Freund. Bethsaida: A City by the Shore of the Sea of Galilee, Bethsaida Excavation Project, vol. 1. Kirksville, MO: Thomas Jefferson University Press, 1995. 

1009.    Strickert, Fred. Bethsaida: Home of the Apostles. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1998. 

1010.    Savage, Carl E. Biblical Bethsaida: An Archaeological Study of the First Century. Lanham, MD: Lexington, 2011.

1011.    Rainey, Anson F. and R. Steven Notley. “The Search for Bethsaida.” In The Sacred Bridge: Carta’s Atlas of the Biblical World, 2nd ed., 356–359. Jerusalem: Carta Jerusalem, 2014.

1012.    McCollough, C Thomas, “City and Village in Lower Galilee: The Import of the Archaeological Excavations at Sepphoris and Khirbet Qana (Cana) for Framing the Economic Context of Jesus,” In The Galilean economy in the time of Jesus, edited by David A. Fiensy and Ralph K. Hawkins, 49-74. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2013.

1013.    McIver, Robert K. “Sepphoris and Jesus: Missing Link or Negative Evidence?” In To Understand the Scriptures: Essays in Honor of William H. Shae, edited by David Merling, 221-232. Berrien Springs, MI: Institute of Archaeology, Andrews University, 1997.

1014.    Meyers, Eric M. ed. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

1015.    Unger, Merrill F. Archaeology and the New Testament. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1962.

1016.    Walker, Peter. In the Steps of Jesus. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2006.

1017.    Evans, Craig A. and Stanley E. Porter, eds. Dictionary of NT Background. Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2000.

1018.    Harrison, R. K. “Essenes,” In The Zondervan Encyclopedia of the Bible. Rev. ed. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.

1019.    “Qumran and the New Testament,” In Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible: Bringing to Life the Ancient World of Scripture. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2016. 

1020.    Bryan, Christopher. Render to Caesar: Jesus, the Early Church, and the Roman Superpower. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.

1021.    Carter, Warren. The Roman Empire and the New Testament: An Essential Guide. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2006.

1022.    North, John and S. R. F. Price. The religious history of the Roman Empire: pagans, Jews, and Christians. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

1023.    Edwin M. Yamauchi, “Marriage,” in Edwin M. Yamauchi and Marvin R. Wilson, eds., Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical & Post-Biblical Antiquity (Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2016), vol. 3, pp. 221-249.

1024.    Ken M. Campbell, ed., Marriage and Family in the Biblical World (Downers Grove, Ill.: Intervarsity, 2003).

1025.    John M. Dillon, “Philosophy,” in Dictionary of New Testament Background Craid A. Evans and Stanley E. Porter, eds. (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2000), pp. 793-796.

1026.    Green, Bernard, Christianity in ancient Rome: the first three centuries,

1027.    London: T & T Clark, 2010.

1028.    Withrow, W. H., Catacombs of Rome: and their testimony relative to primitive Christianity, [S.l.]: Forgotten Books, 2015.

1029.    Duane F.Watson, The Rhetoric of The New Testament: A Bibliographic Survey (Tools for Biblical Study). (The Netherlands: Deo Publishing, 2004.

1030.    Richard Hidary, Rabbis and Classical Rhetoric: Sophistic Education and Oratory in the Talmud and Midrash (Cambridge University Press, 2017.

1031.    Novak, Ralph Martin. Christianity and the Roman Empire: Background Texts. Harrisburg, Penn.: Trinity Press, 2001.

1032.    Hill, Jonathan.Christianity: How a Despised Sect From a Minority Religion Came To Dominate The Roman Empire. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2011.

1033.    C. E. Arnold, ed. Magical Papyr. (Downer's Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2000).

1034.    David. E. Aune, “Magic in Early Christianity.” ANRW 23.2. 

1035.    David. E. Aune. “‘Magic’in Early Christianity and Its Ancient Mediterranean Context: A Survey of Some Recent Scholarship,” Annali di storia dell'esegesi 24/2 (2007): 229–94.

1036.    Shawna Dolansky, Now You See It, Now You Don't: Biblical Perspectives on the Relationship between Magic and Religion (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2008).

1037.    Howard Clark Kee, Medicine, Miracle and Magic in New Testament Times (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986).

1038.    Daniel Marguerat, “Magic in the Biblical World.” in Magic and Miracle in the Acts of the Apostles. Todd E. Klutz, ed. (London: T&T Clark, 2003).

1039.    Andy M. Reimer, Miracle and Magic (New York: Sheffield, 2002).

1040.    Riemer Roukema, “Early Christianity and Magic,” Annali di storia dell'esegesi 24/2 (2007): 367–78.

1041.    John McRay, Archaeology and the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2009).

1042.    Mark W. Wilson, Biblical Turkey: A guide to the Jewish and Christian sites of Asia Minor (Ege Yayınları, 2014).

1043.    The New Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. vol. 4. Nashville: Abingdon, 2006.

1044.    The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, vol. 2. Leicester: InterVarsity Press, 1998.

1045.    F. F. Bruce, “Laodiceam” in Anchor Bible Dictionary D. N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 4, pp. 229, 230.

1046.    W. W. Gasque, “Philadelphia,” Anchor Bible Dictionary, D. N. Freedman, ed.( New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 304, 305.

1047.    John Griffiths Pedley, “Sardis,”.Anchor Bible Dictionary D. N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 984, 985.

1048.    R. E. Oster, “ Ephesus,”in Anchor Bible Dictionary, D. N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 2, pp. 542-549.

1049.    D. D. Potter, “Smyrna,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, D. N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 73, 74.

1050.    John E. Stambaugh, “Thyatira,” Anchor Bible Dictionary, D. N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 6, p. 546.

1051.    E. Yamauchi, New Testament Cities in Western Asia Minor: Light from Archaeology on Cities of Paul and the Seven Churches of Revelation (Eugene: Wipf and Stock, 2003).

1052.    Felix Cortez, “Death and Future Hope in the Hebrew Bible,” in “What are Human Beings that you Remember Them?”: Proceedings of the Third International Bible Conference, Nof Ginosar and Jerusalem, June 11–21, 2012. Clinton Wahlen, ed. (Silver Spring, MD: Review and Herald, 2015), pp. 95-106.

1053.    Felix Cortez. “Death and Hell in the New Testament,” in “What are Human Beings that you Remember Them?”: Proceedings of the Third International Bible Conference, Nof Ginosar and Jerusalem, June 11–21, 2012. Clinton Wahlen editor; Silver Spring, MD: Review and Herald, 2015), pp. 183-206.

1054.    Edward W. Fudge, The Fire that Consumes: A Biblical and Historical Study of Final Punishment (Fallbrook, CA: Providential, 1982).

1055.    Eriks Galenieks, The Nature, Function, and Purpose of the Term שְׁאוֹל in the Torah, Prophets and Writings: An Exegetical-Intertextual Study. (Berrien Springs, MI: Adventist Theological Society, 2005).

1056.    Philip S. Johnston, Shades of Sheol: Death and Afterlife in the Old Testament (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2002).

1057.    F. F. Bruce, “Laodicea,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 4, pp. 229-231.

1058.    Mark R. Fairchild, “Laodicea’s “Lukewarm” Legacy: Conflicts of Prosperity in an Ancient Christian City,” Biblical Archaeology Review 43/2 (2017): 30-9, 67-8. (Url: https://members.bib-arch.org/biblical-archaeology-review/43/2/2?ip_login_no_cache=%95%0C%FC%86l%BCX%D8)

1059.    Juan Murube, “Ocular cosmetics in Ancient times,” The Ocular Surface 11.1 (2013): 2-7. (Url: https://ancient-world-project.nes.lsa.umich.edu/tltc/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Murube-2013_Ocular-Cosmetics-.pdf 

1060.    Celal Şimşek, “A Menorah with a Cross Carved on a Column of Nymphaeum A at Laodicea ad Lycum,” Journal of Roman Archaeology 19 (2006), pp. 343–346.

1061.    Stefanovic, Ranko. Revelation of Jesus Christ, 2nd ed. Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University Press, 2009.

1062.    Stefanovic, Ranko. “The Angel at the Altar (Revelation 8:3-5).” Andrews University Studies 44.1 (2006), 79-94.

1063.    Paulien, Jon K. “The Hermeneutics of Biblical Apocalyptic.” In Understanding Scripture: An Adventist Approach, edited by George W. Reid, (2006): 245–270. Silver Spring, MD: Biblical Research Institute.

1064.    Stefanovic, Ranko. Revelation of Jesus Christ, 2nd ed. Berrien Springs: Andrews University Press, 2009.

1065.    Hooper, F., and M. Schwartz, eds. Roman Letters: History From A Personal Point Of View. Detroit, Wayne State University Press, 1991.

1066.    Birds of Israel: A Pocket Guide to Common Species. “Nature in Israel,” 2005. 

1067.    Birding Site of Israel. Webmasters: Avner Cohen, Eyal Vanunu, and Tomer Landsberger. Accessed October 4, 2015. http://www.israbirding.com/checklist/ 

1068.    Uzi Paz, Birds in the Land of the Bible. Heralia, Israel: Palphot Ltd, nd.

1069.    Birdlife International. Accessed October 4, 2015. http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/userfiles/file/sowb/flyways/5_Mediterranean_Black_Sea_Factsheet.pdf.

1070.    Hoppe, Leslie J. A Guide to the Lands of the Bible. Collegeville, Minn.: The Liturgical Press, 1991.

1071.    Aharoni, Yohanan. The Land of the Bible: A Historical Geography. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1979.

1072.    Walter Burkert, "Oriental Symposia: Contrasts and Parallels," n William J. Slater, ed., Dining in a Classical Context (Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 1991), pp. 7-24.

1073.    Inge Nielsen and Hanna Sigismund Nielsen, eds. Meals in a Social Context: Aspects of the Communal Meal in the Hellenistic and Roman World (Aarhus: Aarthus University Press, 1998).

1074.    William J. Slater, Dining in a Classical Context (Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press; 1990).

1075.    S. Wachsmann and K. Raveh, "Ginnosar," The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Ephraim Stern, ed. (New York Simon and Schuster, 1993), vol. 2, p. 520. 

1076.    Batten, Alicia J. “Clothing and Adornment,” Biblical Theology Bulletin 40 (2010): 148–159.

1077.    Kim, J. H. The Significance of Clothing Imagery in the Pauline Corpus. London: T & T Clark, 2004.

1078.    Packer, J. I., Merrill C. Tenney, and William White Jr. “Clothing and Cosmetics,” In Nelson’s Illustrated Encyclopedia of Bible Facts, 478-490. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1995.

1079.    Palmer, Christine. “Unshod on Holy Ground: Ancient Israel’s ‘Disinherited’ Priesthood.” In Fashioning Jews: Clothing, Culture, and Commerce, edited by Leonard J. Greenspoon, 1-17. West Lafayette, In.: Purdue University Press, 2013.

1080.    Mendal Nun, "Cast Your Net Upon the Waters," Biblical Archaeology Review Nov/Dec 1993 pp. 47-56.

1081.    K. C. Hanson, "The Galilean Fishing Economy and the Jesus Tradition," Biblical Theology Bulletin, vol. 27, pp. 99-111.

1082.    Walter A. Elwell, . Ed. Baker Encyclopedia of the Bible, Walter A. Elwell, ed. (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1988), pp. 100, 101.

1083.    Fishing in the Bible and the Ancient Near East, The Wiki Bible Project, http://thewikibible.pbworks.com

1084.    H. van der Loos, The Miracles of Jesus (Leiden: Brill, 1968).

1085.    Fred Rosner, Medicine in the Bible and the Talmud (New York: Ktav, 1977).

1086.    Howard C. Kee, Medicine, Miracle and Magic in New Testament Times (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986).

1087.    R. P. J. Jackson, “Roman Medicine: The Practitioners and their Practices”, Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt 37.1 (1993) 79-101.

1088.    Dale B. Martin, The Corinthian Body (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995).

1089.    Graham H. Twelftree, Jesus the Miracle Worker (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 1999).

1090.    Patricia A. Baker, The Archaeology of Medicine in the Greco-Roman World (New York: CUP, 2013)

1091.    Michaelides Demetrios, ed., Medicine and Healing in the Ancient Mediterranean World (Oxford: Oxbow, 2014).

1092.    Brian W. Jones, “Titus,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 6, pp. 580, 581.

1093.    John Granger Cook, Crucifixion in the Mediterranean World (Mohr Siebeck, 2014).

1094.    Green, Joel B. ed. Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 47, 48, (2013).

1095.    Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels, edited by Joel B. Green, Jeannine K. Brown, and Nicholas Perrin, 673-679, 2nd ed. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2013.

1096.    Walker, Peter In the Steps of Jesus. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2006.

1097.    Hamilton, Adam. The Way: Walking in the Footsteps of Jesus. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2012. 

1098.    Green, Joel B., ed. Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 2013.

1099.    Raymond E. Brown, The Birth of the Messiah: A Commentary on the Infancy Narratives in Matthew and Luke (London: G. Chapman, 1977)

1100.    Harold Hoehner, Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1977).

1101.    Jerry Vardaman, “Jesus’ Life: A New Chronology,” in Chronos, Kairos, Christos: Nativity and Chronological Studies Presented to Jack Finegan, Jerry Vardaman and Edwin M. Yamauchi, eds. (Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 1989).

1102.    Ferguson, Everett. Backgrounds of Early Christianity. 3rd ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003.

1103.    King, Philip J., and Lawrence E. Stager. Life in Biblical Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2002.

1104.    Grant, Michael. The Roman Emperors. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1985.

1105.    Jack Finegan, The Archaeology of the New Testament: The Life of Jesus and the Beginning of the Early Church (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1992).

1106.    Elizabeth Bloch-Smith, Judahite Burial Practices and Beliefs about the Dead (Sheffield: JSOT, 1992).

1107.    Craig A. Evans, Jesus and the Ossuaries (Waco, Tex.: Baylor University Press, 2003).

1108.    Laurie Brink & Deborah A. Green, Commemorating the Dead: Texts and Artifacts in Context--Studies of Roman, Jewish, and Christian Burials (Berlin/New York: De Gruyter, 2008).

1109.    R. D. Milns, “Vespasian,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David N. Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 6, pp. 851-853.

1110.    Shotter, David. Augustus Caesar. Second ed. London: Routledge, 2005.

1111.    Eck, Werner.The Age of Augustus. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub. 2007.

1112.    Anderson, R. T. "Samaritan," The Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol. 5. 1992.

1113.    Ferguson, Everett. Backgrounds of Early Christianity. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2003.

1114.    Lidija, Novakovic. "Samaritans and Jews" In The World of the New Testament: Cultural, Social, and Historical Contexts, edited by Green, Joel B., and Lee Martin McDonald, 207-216. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2013.

1115.    Schwartz, Seth, "John Hyrcanus I's Destruction of the Gerizim Temple and Judaean-Samaritan Relations." Jewish History 7, no. 1 (1993): 9-25.

1116.    Spiro, A. Samaritans, Tobiads, and Judahites in Pseudo Philo. PAAJR 20: 279-55.

1117.    Williamson, H. G. M. "Samaritans," In Dictionary of New Testament Background, edited by Evans, Craig A. and Stanley E. Porter, (2000): 1058-61.

1118.    Williamson, Hugh G. M. and A. D. Crown, "The Samaritans." (1990): 507-507.

1119.    Roland De Vaux, Ancient Israel: Its Life and Institutions. Trans. John McHugh (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997).

1120.    George F. Moore, Judaism in the First Centuries of the Christian Era:The Age of the Tannaim (Cambridge:Harvard University Press, 1962), vol. 2.

1121.    B. Ward Powers, Marriage and Divorce: The New Testament Teaching (Petersham, Australia: Jordan Books, 1987).

1122.    Susan Treggiari, “Marriage,” in Brill’s New Pauly Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World (Boston: Brill, 2006), vol. 8, pp. 385–392.

1123.    Beate Wagner-Hasel, “Marriage Contracts,” in Brill’s New Pauly Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World. Vol. 8. Boston: Brill, 2006), vol. 8, pp. 395–396).

1124.    “Wedding Customs and Rituals,” in Brill’s New Pauly Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World. Vol. 15. (Boston: Brill, 2010), pp. 605–612.

1125.    David Williams, Paul’s Metaphors: Their Context and Character (Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 1999). 

1126.    Thorsen, Donald A. D. “Gethsemane.” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by David Noel Freedman, 997-998, vol. 2. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

1127.    Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome and Berry Cunliffe. The Holy Land. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.

1128.    Der hebräische Pentateuch del Samaritaner, ed. A. von Gall [Töpelmann, 1918], p. 416.

1129.    Memar Marqah, J. Macdonald, ed. (Töpelmann, 1963], vol. 2:33, pp. 70, 180.

1130.    Skolnik, F. "Mikveh," Encyclopaedia Judaica, vol. 11, 1534–1543, USA: Macmillan Reference, 2006.

1131.    Roberts, C. H. “An unpublished fragment of the Fourth Gospel in the John Rylands Library,” Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 20, (1936): 45–55.

1132.    Elliott, W.J. and D. C. Parker, The New Testament in Greek, 4, Gospel according to St. Johni. Papyri, vol. 1, (1995). Leiden: Brill. 

1133.    Shanks, Hershel. “Where Jesus Cured the Blind Man.” Biblical Archaeology Review, 16-23. September/October 2005.

1134.    Riech, Ronny, Eli Shukron, and Omri Lernau, “Recent Discoveries in the City of Jerusalem.” Israel Exploration Journal 57.2 (2007):153-169.

1135.    Helen K. Bond, Pontius Pilate in History and Interpretation. Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series 100. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998).

1136.    Daniel R. Schwartz, “Pontius Pilate,” in Anchor Bible Dictionary, David Noel Freedman, ed. (New York: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 5, pp. 395-401.

1137.    Dead Sea Scrolls. 11 Q Temple 46:16-18.

1138.    Hanson, Mary Stromer. The New Perspective on Mary and Martha. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock Publishers, 2013.

1139.    Black, David A. "El grupo de Juan. hellenismo y gnosis." In Orígenes del cristianismo: Antecedentes y primeros pasos, edited by Antonio Piñero. Cordova/Madrid: Ediciones el Almendro/Universidad Complutense, 1991.

1140.    Correa, Teòfilo. El motivo de la creación en el prólogo del evangelio según Juan. Vinto: Universidad Adventista de Bolivia, 2012.

1141.    MaCleod, David J. "The Eternality and Deity of the Word: John 1:1-2." Bibliotheca Sacra 160/637. 2003. 

1142.    Morris, Leon, The Gospel According John. Grand Rapids: W. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1989. 

1143.    Ritt, H. “Logos.” In Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament, edited by H. Balz and G. Schneider. Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans Pub. Co., 1994.

1144.    Robertson, A. W. El Antiguo Testamento en el Nuevo. Buenos Aires: Nueva Creación, 1996. 

1145.    The New Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. Vol. 4. Nashville: Abingdon, 2006.

1146.    Cornelius, Izak. The Many Faces of the Goddesses. The Iconography of the Syro-Palestinians Goddesses Anat, Astarte, Qedeshet, and Asherah c. 1500-1000 BCE. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht Göttingen, 2004.

1147.    Erim, Kenan T. Aphrodisias: City of Venus Aphrodite. London and New York, 1986.

1148.    Gimbutas, M. The Civilization of the Goddesses. San Francisco: Harper, 1991.

1149.    Walter A. Elwell, ed., Baker Theological Dictionary of the Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1996), p. 502.

1150.    Howard Clark Kee, Medicine, Miracle and Magic in New Testament Times (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), pp. 101-107

1151.    Cf. David A. Aune, "The Apocalypse of John and Graeco-Roman Revelatory Magic," in Apocalypticism, Prophecy, and Magic in Early Christianity (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2006), pp. 349-351.

1152.    Ibid., p. 349.

1153.    Ibid., p.367.

1154.    Steven J. Scherrer, "Signs and Wonders in the Imperial Cult: A New Look at a Roman Religious Institution in the Light of Rev 13:13-15," Journal of Biblical Literature 103/4 (1984):604, 605.

1155.    David. E. Aune, Revelation 6-16, Word Biblical Commentary (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1998), vol. 52B, p. 763.

1156.    Bryan, Christopher. Render to Caesar: Jesus, the Early Church, and the Roman Superpower. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.

1157.    Horslet, Richard A. In The Shadow of Empire: Reclaiming the Bible as a History of Faithful Resistance. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2008.

1158.    North, John and S. R. F. Price. The religious history of the Roman Empire: pagans, Jews, and Christians. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

1159.    Levick, Barbara. Claudius. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1990. 

1160.    Suetonius, “Divus Claudius” In The Twelve Caesars, trans. Robert Graves, rev. ed., edited by James B. Rives London: Penguin (2007):178–206.

1161.    Hawthorne, Gerald F. and Ralph P. Martin, eds. Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1993.

1162.    Keener, Craig S. Acts: An Exegetical Commentary. Grand Rapids: Baker, vol. 1, (2012): 221–250.

1163.    Ramsay, W. St. Paul the Traveler and Roman Citizen.

1164.    Hughes, J.J. "Paulus, Sergius." International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, rev. ed., edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1986.

1165.    Keener, Craig S. Acts: An Exegetical Commentary, vol. 3, (2014): 374–420, Grand Rapids: Baker.

1166.    Adams, Sean A. “Paul the Roman Citizen: Roman Citizenship in the Ancient World and its Importance for Understanding Acts 22:22–29,” In Paul: Jew, Greek and Roman, edited by Stanley E. Porter. Leiden; Boston: Brill, (2008): 309-326.

1167.    http://www.theamphipolistomb.com/

1168.    Bikerman, E. "Unknown Gods." In Journal of the Warburg Institute, no. 3, vol. 1, (1938): 187-196.

1169.    Keener, Craig S. Acts: An Exegetical Commentary, vol. 3, 15:1-23:35. Grand Rapids: Baker Publishing House, 2014. 

1170.    Norden, E. Agnostos Theos. Untersuchungen zur Formengeschichte religiöser Rede. Leipzig und Berlin: Verlarg B.G. Teubner, 1913.

1171.    Rothschild, C. K. Acts 17: Studies and Texts in Antiquity and Christianity. Tübingen. Mohr Siebeck, 2014.

1172.    Craig S. Keener, Acts: An Exegetical Commentary 15:1-23:35 (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2014).

1173.    Joseph A. Fitzmyer, The Acts of the Apostles, Anchor Bible Commentary vol. 31 (New York: Doubleday, 1998).

1174.    Matthews, Henry. Greco-Roman Cities of Agean Turkey: History, Archaeology, Architecture. Yayinlari, 2014.

1175.    Fant. Clyde E. and Mitchell G. Reddish, A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey. Oxford University Press, 2003.

1176.    Moseh Dothan, Moseh and Zeev Goldmann. “Acco.” The New Encyclopedia of Archeological Excavations in the Holy Land, vol. 1 (1993): 16-31. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society and Carta.

1177.    Bond, H. Pontius Pilate in History and Interpretation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 

1178.    Burge, G., L. Cohick and G. Green, The New Testament in Antiquity: A Survey of the New Testament within Its Cultural Contexts. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009.     

1179.    Hall, J. “Procurator,” In Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by D. Freedman, 473, 474. New York: Doubleday, 1992.

1180.    Bryan, Christopher. Render to Caesar: Jesus, the Early Church, and the Roman Superpower. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.

1181.    Carter, Warren. The Roman Empire and the New Testament: An Essential Guide. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2006.

1182.    Charlesworth, James H. Jesus and Archaeology, 323-329. Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2006. 

1183.    Greenhut, Zvi. “Burial Cave of the Caiaphus Family.” In Biblical Archaeology Review. (September/October 1992): 28-44. 

1184.    Reich, Ronny. “Caiaphas Name Inscribed on Bone Boxes.” In Biblical Archaeology Review. (September/October 1992): 76.

1185.    Nunnally, W. E. “Gamaliel,” Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, (2000) 481, 482. 

1186.    Schürer, Emil. “The Great Sanhedrin at Jerusalem” In A History of the Jewish People in the Time of Jesus Christ 2nd div., vol. 1, Edinburg: T&T Clark, 1890; repr., Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson (2012): 163–195.

1187.    Skinner, Andrew C. “A Historical Sketch of Galilee,” In Masada and the World of the New Testament, edited by John F., Welch Hall, John W. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University, (1997): 120-122.

1188.    Brandon, S. G. F. Jesus and the Zealots. Cambridge: Manchester University Press, 1967.

1189.    Heard, W. J. Evangs. “Revolutionary Movements, Jewish,” DNTB 945, 946.

1190.    Jackson, Kent P. “Revolutionaries in the First Century,” In Masada and the World of the New Testament, edited by John F., Welch Hall, John W. Provo, 133, UT: Brigham Young University, 1997.

1191.    Douglas, J. D. and N. Hillyer, eds. The Illustrated Bible Dictionary. Leicester: InterVarsity Press, 1998.

1192.    Sakenfeld, Katharine Doob. The New Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. Nashville: Abingdon, 2006.

1193.    Metzger, Bruce M. and Michael D. Coogan. Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.

1194.    Birds of Israel: A Pocket Guide to Common Species. “Nature in Israel,” 2005. 

1195.    Birding Site of Israel. Webmasters: Avner Cohen, Eyal Vanunu, and Tomer Landsberger. Accessed October 4, 2015. http://www.israbirding.com/checklist/ 

1196.    Uzi Paz, Birds in the Land of the Bible. Heralia, Israel: Palphot Ltd, nd.

1197.    Birdlife International. Accessed October 4, 2015. http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/userfiles/file/sowb/flyways/5_Mediterranean_Black_Sea_Factsheet.pdf.

1198.    Joaquim Azevedo, “The Origin of the Proto-Canaanite Alphabet.” Hermenêutica n. 1 (2001): 3-29.

1199.    Azevedo, “The Origin and Transmission of the Alphabet,” Andrews University master's thesis (1994) See http://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/theses.

1200.    André Lemaire, “The Spread of Alphabetic Scripts (c. 1700–500 BCE),” Diogenes 55, n. 2 (2008), 45–58. (DOI: 10.1177/0392192108090738)

1201.    Joseph Naveh, Early History of the Alphabet (Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 2005).

1202.    Joseph Naveh, Origin of the Alphabet (Jerusalem: Cassell/Jerusalem Publishing House, 1975).

1203.    Finegan, Jack.    Handbook of Biblical Chronology. Rev. ed. Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson, 1996.

1204.    Ray, Paul J. “Another Look at the Period of the Judges.” In Beyond the Jordan: Studies in Honor of W. Harold Mare, edited by Glenn A. Carnagey, Sr., 93-104. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2005. 

1205.    Ray, Paul J. “The Duration of the Israelite Sojourn in Egypt.” Andrews University Seminary Studies 24, (1986): 231-248.

1206.    Ray, Paul J. “Problems of Middle and Late Bronze Age Chronology: Toward a Solution.” Near East Archaeological Society Bulletin 42, (1997): 1-13.

1207.    Shea, William H. “Chronology of the Old Testament.” In Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, edited by David Noel Freedman, 244-248. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000.

1208.    Thiele, Edwin R. A Chronology of the Hebrew Kings. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1977.

1209.    Thiele, Edwin R. The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings. Rev. ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965.

1210.    Vanderkam, James. The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Bible. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2012.

1211.    Stefanovic, Zdrafko. The Aramaic of Daniel in the Light of Old Aramaic. JSOTSS 129. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1992. 

1212.    Black, David Alan. “New Testament Semiticisms,” The Bible Translator 39:2 (1988): 215-223.

1213.    Tyldesley, Joyce A. 2007. Egyptian games and sports. Shire: Princes Risborough.

1214.    Sommer, Maria and Dion Sommer. 2015. Care, socialization and play in Ancient Attica: a developmental childhood archaeological approach Aarhus, Denmark: Aarhus University Press.

1215.    Papakonstantinou, Zinon. 2010. Sport in the cultures of the ancient world: new perspectives. London: Routledge.

1216.    Michael Avi-Yonah, Ancient Scrolls, p. 48.

1217.    Stefan C. Reif, Hebrew manuscripts at Cambridge University Library: a description and introduction University of Cambridge oriental publications, vol. 52 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).

1218.    Fowler, Jeaneane D. “Theophoric Personal Names in Ancient Hebrew: A Comparative Study.” Vetus Testamentum, vol. 39, Fasc. 2, (April 1989): 246-248.

1219.    Marcos, Natalio Fernández. The Septuagint in Context: Introduction to the Greek Versions of the Bible. Boston: Brill, 2001.

1220.    Bernard F. Batto, In the Beginning: Essays on Creation in the Ancient Near East and the Bible, Siphrut 9 (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013).

1221.    Richard J. Clifford, Creation Accounts in the Ancient Near East and the Bible, Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series 26 (Washington, D.C.: Catholic Biblical Association, 1994).

1222.    William W. Hallo, ed., The Context of Scripture, vol. 1, Canonical Compositions from the Biblical World (Leiden: Brill, 1997).

1223.    W. G. Lambert, Babylonian Creation Myths (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013).

1224.    Theodor Seidl, “Die biblischen Schöpfungserzählungen und ihr altorientalischer Kontext,” in Die Erschaffung der Welt: alte und neue Schöpfungsmythen, D. Klein, ed. (Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, 2012), 1–24.

1225.    Andrea Seri, “The Role of Creation in Enūma eliš,” Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 12 (2012): 4–29.

1226.    R. B. Parkinson, The Rosetta Stone (London: British Museum Press, 2005).

1227.    De Vaux, R. Archaeology of the Dead Sea Scrolls. The Schweich Lectures. Oxford: British Academy, 1959.

1228.    Magness, J. The Archaeology of Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002).

1229.    O’Connor, J. M. “Qumran, Khirbet,” In the Anchor Bible Dictionary, edited by D. N. Freedman, vol. 5. New York: Double Day, (1992): 590-594.

1230.    Stager, L. E. “Farming in the Judean Desert during the Iron Age.” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 221, Alexandria, VA: American Schools of Oriental Research, (1976): 145-158.

1231.    Modrzejewski, Joseph Mélèze.The Jews of Egypt: From Rameses II to Emperor Hadrian, translated by Robert Cornmanm.

1232.    

1233.    Bartchy, Scott S. "Slaves and Slavery in the Roman World," In The World of the New Testament, edited by Joel B. Green and Lee Martin McDonald, 169-178. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2013. 

1234.    Bertman, Stephen. Handbook to life in ancient Mesopotamia. Oxford University Press, 2005.

1235.    Dever, William G. "Archaeology, Urbanism and the Rise of the Israelite State," In Urbanism in Antiquity, edited by Steven W. Gauley, 172-193Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.

1236.    Ferguson, Everett. Backgrounds of early Christianity. Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2003.

1237.    Matthews, Victor Harold. Manners and Customs in the Bible-an Illustrated Guide to Daily Life in Bible Times. Rev. ed. Peabody, Mass.: Henrickson, 1988.

1238.    Seri, Andrea. "Domestic Female Slaves during the Old Babylonian Period," In Slaves and Households in the Near East, edited by Laura Culbertson. Oriental Insttitute of the University of Chicago, 2011.

1239.    Vanderhooft, David S. "Babylonia and the Babylonians," In The World around the Old Testament, edited by Bill T. Arnold and Brent A. Strawn, 107-138. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2016.

1240.    Steven D. Anderson, Darius the Mede: A Reappraisal (Grand Rapids: Steven D. Anderson, 2014).

1241.    Brian E. Colless, “Cyrus the Persian as Darius the Mede in the Book of Daniel,” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 56 (1992): 113–126.

1242.    H. H. Rowley, Darius the Mede and the Four World Empires in the Book of Daniel (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1935).

1243.    William. H. Shea, “Nabonidus Chronicle: New Readings and the Identity of Darius the Mede,” Journal of Adventist Theological Society 7 (1996): 1–20.

1244.    ______, “The Search for Darius the Mede (Concluded), or, The Time of the Answer to Daniel’s Prayer and the Date of the Death of Darius the Mede,” Journal of Adventist Theological Society 12/1 (Spring 2001): 97–105.

1245.    D. J. Wiseman, “Some Historical Problems in the Book of Daniel,” in Notes on Some Problems in the Book of Daniel, by D. Wiseman et al. (London: Tyndale, 1965), 9–18.

1246.    Bahat, Dan. The Carta Jerusalem Atlas. Third ed. (Jerusalem: Carta, 2011).

1247.    Galor, Katharina and Gideon Avni, eds., Unearthing Jerusalem: 150 Years of Archaeological Research in the Holy City. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

1248.    Galor, Katharina, and Hanswulf Bloedhorn, The Archaeology of Jerusalem: From the Origins to the Ottomans. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2013.

1249.    Ritmeyer, Leen. The Quest: Revealing the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. Jerusalem: Carta, 2012.

1250.    Ritmeyer, Leen and Kathleen Ritmeyer, Jerusalem in the Time of Nehemiah. Rev. ed. Jerusalem: Carta, 2015.

1251.    Ritmeyer, Leen and Kathleen Ritmeyer, Jerusalem in the Year 30 A.D. Rev. ed. Jerusalem: Carta, 2015.

1252.    Vaughn, Andrew G. and Ann E. Killebrew, eds. Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period. Society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series 18. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2003.

INTROS – OT

1.    Clines, David J.A. ed., יהוה. In The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, vol. 4, 122-150. Sheffield, Eng.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1998.

2.    Eissfeldt, Otto. אדון. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, rev. ed. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1977.

3.    Freedman, D.N., M. P. O’Connor, and H. Ringgren, יהוה, Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, vol. 5, 500-521. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1986.

4.    Foster, Benjamin R. “Gilgamesh.” In The Context of Scripture, vol. 1, 458-460. Leiden: Brill, 2003. 

5.    Foster, Benjamin R. “The Epic of Creation (Enuma Elish).” In The Context of Scripture, vol. 1, 390-401. Leiden: Brill, 2003. 

6.    Harrison, R. K. Introduction to the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: William B Eerdmans, 1973.

7.    Hoffmeier, James K. Israel in Egypt. Oxford, Eng.: Oxford University, 1997.

8.    Kitchen, Kenneth. On the Reliability of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2003.

9.    Pritchard, James B. ed. Ancient Near East Texts, 3rd ed. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1969.

10.    Quell, Gottfried. kúrioõ in Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, Gerhard Kittel, ed. vol. 3, 1039-108. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1984. 

11.    Ringgren, Helmer. אלהים, Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, rev. ed. vol. 1, 267-284. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1977. 

12.    Shea, William. “Date of the Exodus.” In International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Vol 1, 230-238. Geoffrey W. Bromiley, ed. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans, 1982. 

13.    Horn, Siegfried H. “Exodus.” In The Seventh-day Adventist Bible Dictionary, 330-333. Washington, D.C.: Review and Herald Publishing Association, 1960. 

14.    Hoerth, Alfred J. Archaeology of the Old Testament, 178-182. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1998.

15.    Hoffmeier, James K. Israel in Egypt, 125-126. Oxford: Oxford, 1997.

16.    Devries, C. E. “Rosetta Stone.” In The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Vol 4, Q-Z, 237, edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, MI. William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1988.

17.    Freedman, D. N., M. P. O’Connor, and H. Ringgren. יהוה (YHWH).” In Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, vol. 5, 500-521, edited by G. Johannes Botterweck and Helmer Ringgren, translated by David E. Green. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2006.

18.    Gane, Roy. The NIV Application Commentary: Leviticus, Numbers. Grand Rapids, MA: Zondervan, 2004.

19.    Gane, Roy. Old Testament Law for Christians: Original Context and Enduring Application. Grand Rapids, MA: Baker Academic, 2017.

20.    Hesse, Brian. “Pig Lovers and Pig Haters: Patterns of Palestinian Pork Production.” Journal of Ethnobiology 10.2 (1990): 195-225. 

21.    Hesse, Brian and P. Wapnish. “Can Pig be used for Ethnic Diagnosis in the Ancient Near East?” In The Archaeology of Israel: Constructing the Past, Interpreting the Present. Neil Asher Silberman and David Small, eds. Journal for the Study of the Old Testament: Supplement Series. Sheffield, Eng.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997: 237, 238-270.

22.    Moskala, Jiri. The Laws of Clean and Unclean Animals of Leviticus 11: Their Nature, Theology, and Rationale (an Intertextual Study). Adventist Theological Society Dissertation Series 4. Berrien Springs, MI: Adventist Theological Society Publications, 2000. 

23.    Grimal, Nicolas. A History of Ancient Egypt, translated by Ian Shaw. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1995. 

24.    Van Der Kooij, G. “Deir ‘Alla, Tell.” In The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, vol. 1, 341. Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society & Carta, 1993. 

25.    Kline, Meredith G. Treaty of the Great King: The Covenant Structure of Deuteronomy Studies and Commentary. Eugene, OR.: Wipf & Stock, 2012.

26.    Kitchen, Kenneth A. On the Reliability of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 2003.

27.    McConville, J. G. Deuteronomy. Apollos Old Testament Commentary 5. Downers Grove, Illinois: Inter-Varsity Press, 2002.

28.    Glen L. Archer, Jr., A Survey of the Old Testament Introduction, revised and expanded (Chicago: Moody Press, 1994), pp. 477-479.

29.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with Commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 1999), p. 476-479.

30.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a comprehensive review of Old Testament studies and a special supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 958-962.

31.    Efrain Velázquez, An Archaeological Reading of Malachi. Ph.D. dissertation (Berrien Springs, MI: Andrews University, 2008).

32.    Abegg, Martin, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich, The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English (San Francisco, CA: HarperSan Francisco, 1999), pp. 506-589.

33.    William F. Arndt and F. Wilbur Gingrich, “psalmos” in A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1979), p. 891.

34.    J. P. Fokkelman, Reading Biblical Poetry: An Introductory Guide (Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2001).

35.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1973), pp. 965-1003.

36.    Bruce K. Waltke and James M. Houston with Erika Moore, The Psalms as Christian Worship (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2010).

37.    Albrecht Goetze, Franz Rosenthal and Harold Louis Ginsberg, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament (ANET), edited by James B. Pritchard, 3rd     edition with supplement (Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ) p. 280.

38.    Cogan, Mordechai. “Sennacherib’s Siege of Jerusalem” in The Context of Scripture: Monumental     Inscriptions from the Biblical World, eds. William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger, Jr. (Brill:     Boston, 2003) vol. 2, pp. 302-303.

39.    Harrison, R. K. Introduction to the Old Testament (William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company: Grand     Rapids, MI) 1973.

40.    Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E.     (Society of Biblical Literature: Atlanta) 2004. 

41.    Snekujm, K. A. D. “The Inscription of King Mesha” in The Context of Scripture: Monumental Inscriptions from the Biblical World, eds. William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger, Jr. (Brill: Boston, 2003)     vol. 2, pp. 137-138. 

42.    Glen L. Archer, Jr., A Survey of the Old Testament Introduction, revised and expanded (Chicago: Moody Press, 1994), pp. 470-477. 

43.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFransico), pp. 470-475. 

44.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a comprehensive review of Old Testament studies and a special supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1973), pp. 949-957. 

45.    Walter C. Kaiser, The Messiah in the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995).

46.    Gleason L. Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction Revised and enlarged (Chicago: Moody Press), pp. 469, 470. 

47.    Francis Brown, The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon with an appendix containing the Biblical Aramaic (Peabody, Mass. Hendricks Publishers, 2000), pp. 290, 291. 

48.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 1999), pp. 467-469. 

49.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with comprehensive review of Old Testament Studies and a special supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 944-948. 

50.    H. Wolf, “Haggai,” in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982), vol. 2, pp. 594-596. 

51.    Edwin M. Yamauchi, Persia and the Bible (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1990).

52.    Yohanan Aharoni, The Land of the Bible: A Historical Geography (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press: Philadelphia, 1979).

53.    

54.    James B. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 487-490.

55.    

56.    Robert G, Boling and G. Ernest Wright, Joshua, Anchor Bible (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1984).

57.    

58.    Israel Finkelstein, “Shiloh” in The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land (Jerusalem: The Israelite Exploration Society & Carta, 1993), vol. 4, pp. 1364-1370.

59.    

60.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1973).

61.    

62.    J. W. Jack, The Date of the Exodus in the Light of External Evidence (Edinburg: T & T. Clark, 1925).

63.    

64.    David Merling, Sr., The Book of Joshua: Its Theme and Role in Archaeological Discussions, Andrews University Doctoral Dissertation, vol. 24 (Andrews University Press, Berrien Springs, MI, 1996).

65.    

66.    Anson F. Rainey, The El-Amarna Correspondence (Leiden: Brill, 2015) pp. 1106-1123.

67.    Gleason L. Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction. (Chicago: Moody Press, 1974), pp. 417-421.

68.    

69.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1969).

70.    

71.    Edwin M. Yamauchi, Persia and the Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1990), pp. 187-239.

72.    G. Lloyd Carr, The Song of Solomon: An Introduction and Commentary. Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries (Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity Press,1984).

73.    

74.    Richard M. Davidson, Flame of Yahweh: Sexuality in the Old Testament (Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson Publishers, 2007), pp. 545-632.

75.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, Translated and with Commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (San Francisco, CA: HarperSan Francisco, 1999), pp. 611-618

76.    R. K. Harrison, The Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1972), pp. 1049-1058.

77.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFrancisco: 1999), pp. 463-466.

78.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 939-943.

79.    Paul R. House, “The Character of God in the Twelve,” in the Reading and Hearing the Book of the Twelve, James D. Nogalski and Marvin A. Sweeney, eds. (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2000), pp. 125-145.

80.    K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Pub. Com., 2003).

81.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, Translated and with commentary by Marin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 1999), pp. 459-462.

82.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with comprehensive review of Old Testament studies and a special supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 931-938. 

83.    Paul R. House, “The Character of God in the Book of the Twelve,” in Reading and Hearing the Book of the Twelve, James D. Nogalski and Marvin A. Sweeney, eds. (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2000), pp. 125-145.

84.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with Commentary by Martin Abegg, Fr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich. (New York: Harper SanFrancisco, 1999), pp. 455-458.

85.    R. H. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a comprehensive review of Old Testament studies and a special supplement on the apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973).

86.    A. T. Olmstead, History of Assyria (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1923).

87.    Gleason, Jr. Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction (Chicago: Moody Press: Chicago, 1994), pp. 341-350.

88.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HaperSanFrancisco, 1999), pp. 443-446.

89.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973, pp. 904-918.

90.    Donald J. Wiseman, “Jonah’s Nineveh,” in Tyndale Bulletin, 30 (1979) pp. 29-52.
Gleason L. Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction (Chicago: Moody Press, 1994), pp. 359-461.

The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFransico, 1999), pp. 447-454

91.    Anson F. Rainey. and R. Steven Notley, The Sacred Bridge: Carta’ Atlas of the Biblical World (Carta: Jerusalem, 2006).

92.    W. G. Dever, “Case-Study in Biblical Archaeology: The Earthquake of ca. 960 BCE” in Eretz Israel (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1992), pp. 27-35.

93.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 1999), pp. 433-440.

94.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a Comprehensive Review of Old Testament Studies and a Special Supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1969), pp. 883-897.

95.    Gerhard F. Hasel, Understanding the Book of Amos: Basic Issues in Current Interpretations (Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1991).

96.    John H. Hays, Amos, the Eighth-Century Prophet (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1988).

97.    James Robertson and Carl Edwin Armerding, “Amos,” in the International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979), vol. 1, pp. 114-117.

98.    G. A. Turner, “Earthquake,” in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982), vol. 2, pp. 4, 5.

99.    Gleason L. Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, Revised and Expanded (Chicago: Moody Press, 1994), pp. 332-338.

100.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr. Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 1999), pp. 441, 442.

101.    Burton MacDonald, “Edom,” in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, ed. Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1982), vol. 2, pp. 18-21.

102.    Leslie C. Allen, The Books of Joel, Obadiah, Jonah and Micah (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976).

103.    Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: the Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, trans. and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSan Francisco, 1999), pp. 428-432.

104.    Edwin M. Yamauchi and Marvin R. Wilson, eds., Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical & Post-Biblical Antiquity,. (Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson, 2016), vol. 3, pp. 43-45.

105.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a Comprehensive Review of Old Testament Studies and a Special Supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 874-882.

106.    James B. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, third edition with supplement, (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press), pp. 284-286.

107.    Gleason L. Archer, Jr., A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, revised and expanded (Chicago: Moody Press, 1994), pp. 356-359.

108.    J. Andrew Dearman, The Book of Hosea in The New International Commentary on the Old Testament, ed. Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010).

109.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a Comprehensive Review of Old Testament Studies and a Special Supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1969), pp. 859-873.

110.    K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003). 

111.    The Dead Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, translated and with commentary by Martin G. Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: Harper, San Francisco, 1999), pp. 428-432.

112.    Raymond Phillips Dougherty, Nabonidus and Belshazzar: A Study of the Closing Events of the Neo-Babylonian Empire (Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2008). 

113.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a Comprehensive Review of Old Testament Studies and a Special Supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1969), pp. 1105-1134.

114.    Eugene Ulrich, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Origins of the Bible (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1999).

115.    D. J. Wiseman, Nebuchadnezzar and Babylon (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985).

116.    Leslie C. Allen, Ezekiel 1-19. Word Biblical Commentary, vol. 28 (Dallas: Word Books, 1994).

117.    Gleason Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, updated and revised edition (Chicago: Moody Press, 1994).

118.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible, translated for the First Time into English, Translated and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (New York: HarperSanFrancisco, 1999), pp. 407-416.

119.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament with a Comprehensive Review of Old Testament Studies and a Special Supplement on the Apocrypha (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1973).

120.    Kenneth A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003).

121.    James B. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts: Relating to the Old Testament, 3rd edition with supplement, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1969), pp. 611-619.

122.    Gleason L. Archer, A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, Revised and Expanded (Chicago: Moody Press, 1994).

123.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First time into English, Trans. and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (San Francisco, CA: HarperSan Francisco, 1999), pp. 622-627.

124.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1969).

125.    Randall Price with H. Wayne House, Zondervan Handbook of Biblical Archaeology (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing Company, 2017), pp. 172-173.

126.    James B. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts: Relating to the Old Testament, 3rd edition with supplement, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1969).

127.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, trans. and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich     (San Francisco, CA: HarperSan Francisco, 1999). 

128.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1969).

129.    K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 2003).

130.    Elmer A. Leslie, Jeremiah: Chronologically Arranged, Translated and Interpreted (New York: Abingdon Press, 1954).

131.    Lawrence J. Mykytiuk, Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E. (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2004), pp. 188-196.

132.    D. J. Wiseman, Nebuchadrezzar and Babylon (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991).

133.    Mordechai Cogan, “Sennacherib’s Siege of Jerusalem,” in The Context of Scripture. William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger, Jr., eds. (Boston: Brill, 2003), pp. 302-304.

134.    R; K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1969), pp. 764-800. 

135.    Benjamin and Eilat Mazar, “Excavations in the South of the Temple Mount, the Ophel of Biblical Jerusalem,” Qedem 29 (Jerusalem: Hebrew University, 1989).

136.    Eliat Mazar, “Is This the Prophet Isaiah’s Signature?” in Biblical Archaeology Review 44:2, March/April May/June 2018, pp. 64–73, 92.

137.    Lawrence J. Mykytiuk, Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E. (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2004), pp. 169-176.

138.    James B. Prichard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 3rd ed., ANET (Princeton, NJ: Princeton    University Press, 1969), pp. 287, 288.

139.    Edward J. Young, The Book of Isaiah: The English Text, with Introduction, Exposition, and Notes (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1972), vol. 1.

140.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English, Translated and with Commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (San Francisco, CA: HarperSan Francisco, 1999), pp. 619-621.

141.    Michael A. Eaton, Ecclesiastes: An Introduction and Commentary. The Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1983).

142.     F. L. Hossfeld and E. M. Kindl, “קָהָל” in the Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company), vol 12, pp. 546-561.

143.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1973).

144.    The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English. Trans. and with commentary by Martin Abegg, Jr. Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich (San Francisco, CA: HarperSan Francisco, 1999), pp. 594-596.

145.    K.-M Beyse, “מָשַׁל I; māšāl I, be like; saying, proverb,” Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, ed. by G. Johannes Botterweck, Helmer Ringgren and Heinz-Josef Fabry. Trans.by David E. Green (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1998), pp. 64-67.

146.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1969), pp. 1010-1021.

147.    David Noel Freedman, “The Book of Job,” in The Hebrew Bible and Its Interpreters, eds. David Noel Freedman, Baruch Halpern, and William H. C. Propp (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1990), pp. 33-52. 

148.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1969). 

149.    Edwin M. Yamauchi and Marvin R. Wilson, “Camels,” in Dictionary of Daily Life in Biblical & Post-Biblical Antiquity (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publications, 2016), vol. 1, pp. 247-252.

150.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1973). 

151.    K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2003). 

152.    Paul W. Lapp, “`Iraq El-Emir” in The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land. Ephraim Stern, ed.. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), vol. 2, pp. 646-648. 

153.    Bezalel Porten, “Aramaic Letters” in The Context of Scripture, William W. Hallo and K Lawson, eds. (Leiden: Brill, 2003), vol. 3, p. 116. 

154.    _______, “Request for Letter of Recommendation (First Draft)” in Context of Scripture. William W. Hallo and K Lawson, eds. (Boston: Brill, 2003), vol. 3, pp. 125-130. 

155.    Jeffrey H. Tigay and Alan R. Millard, “Seals and Seal Impressions” in The Context of     Scripture. William W. Hallo and K Lawson, eds. (Boston: Brill, 2003), vol. 3, p. 204.

156.    Edwin m. Yamauchi, Persia and the Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1990).

157.    H.G.M. Williamson, Word Biblical Commentary: Ezra, Nehemiah (Waco, TX: Word Books, 1985).

158.    Edwin M. Yamauchi, Persia and the Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1990).

159.    Albright, William F. “The Date and Personality of the Chronicler,” Journal of Biblical Literature,     (1921) 40, pp. 104-124.

160.    Harrison, R. K. Introduction to the Old Testament (William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company,     Grand Rapids, MI, 1973) pp. 1152-1171.

161.    Torrey, C.C. “The Chronicler as Editor and as Independent Narrator,” American Journal of     Semitic Languages and Literature (1909) 25, pp. 157-173.

162.    Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-    539 B.C.E. (Society of Biblical Literature 2004) Atlanta, Georgia pp. 139-146. 

163.    Shiloh, Yigal. Jerusalem: “The Water-Supply Systems” in The New Encyclopedia of     Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land, Ephraim Stern, editor (Simon & Schuster:     New York, NY) vol. 2, 1993 pp. 709-712.

164.    William F. Albright, “The Date and Personality of the Chronicler,” Journal of Biblical Literature, 40. 3/4 (1921) 40, pp. 104-124. 

165.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 1152-1171. 

166.    Lawrence J. Mykytiuk, Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E. (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2004), pp. 148-152. 

167.    C. C. Torrey, “The Chronicler as Editor and as Independent Narrator,” American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literature (1909) 25, pp. 157-173. 

168.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1969). 

169.    David M. Howard, “Chileab” in The Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992) p.     907. 

170.    K. A. Kitchen, The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1100-650 BC), second ed. with supplement (Warminster, Eng.: Aris and Phillips, 1986). 

171.    ---------. On the Reliability of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 2003).

172.    Anson Rainey, The El-Amarna Correspondence: A New Edition of the Cuneiform Letters     from the Site of El-Amarna based on Collations of All Extant Tablets (Leiden: Brill, 2015).

173.    K. A. D. Smelik, “The Inscription of King Mesha” in The Context of Scripture: Monumental     Inscriptions from the Biblical World (Leiden: Brill, 2003), vol. 2, pp. 137, 138.

174.    B. J. Beitzel, “Habiru,” in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1982), vol. 2, pp. 586-590.

175.    _______ “Hebrew (PEOPLE)” in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1982), vol. 2 p. 657.

176.    H. Cazelles, “The Hebrew,” in Peoples of Old Testament Times (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), pp. 1-28.

177.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1969), pp. 695-718.

178.    P. Kyle McCarter, Jr., 1 Samuel, The Anchor Bible (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1980).

179.    Alfred Rahlfs, “History of the Septuagint Text,” in the Septuaginta (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1979) pp. 56-65.

180.    Avraham Biran and Joseph Naveh, “An Aramaic Stele Fragment from Tel Dan,” Israel Exploration Journal, vol. 43, No. 2/3 (1993): 81-98. 

181.    K. A. Kitchen, “A Possible Mention of David in the Late Tenth Century BCE, and Deity *Dod as Dead as the Dodo?” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 76 (1997): 29.

182.    André Lemaire, “‘House of David’ Restored in Moabite Inscription,” Biblical Archaeology     Review 20.3 (1994): 30–34, 36–37.

183.    P. Kyle McCarter, Jr., 2 Samuel, Anchor Bible (Garden City, New York: (Doubleday, 1984).

184.    Hershel Shanks, “Has David Been Found in Egypt,” Biblical Archaeology Review, January/February 25, no. 1 (1999): 33-34.

185.    _________. “Ten Top Discoveries,” Biblical Archaeology Review 35, no. 4 (2009): 74-96.

186.    James Henry Breasted, “Papyrus Harris” in Ancient Records of Egypt: Historical Documents (London: Histories & Mysteries of Man, LTD, 1988), vol.4, p. 403.

187.    Trude and Moshe Dothan, People of the Sea: The Search for the Philistines (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1992).

188.    Dothan, Trude, The Philistines and Their Material Culture (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982). 

189.    R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1973), pp. 685-690. 

190.    “The War Against the People of the Sea,” in James B. Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 3rd ed. (Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1969), pp. 262-263. 

191.    William A. Ward and Martha Sharp Joukowsky, eds., The Crisis Years: the 12th Century B.C. from Beyond the Danube to the Tigris (Duuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, 1992).

192.    Michael Avi-Yonah, “Bethlehem” in The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavations in the Holy Land (Jerusalem: The Israel Exploration Society & Carta, 1993), p. 204. 

193.    Richard M. Davidson, Richard M. Flame of Yahweh: Sexuality in the Old Testament (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 2007). 

194.    William Holladay, שׁטר: “record-keeper, officer,” A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Grand Rapids, MI: W. E. Eerdmans, 1971), 367. 

195.    G. T. Manley, “’Officers’ in the Old Testament” Evangelical Quarterly, vol. 29 (1947) pp. 149-156. 

196.    E. A. Speiser, “Of Shoes and Shekels,” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 77, (February 1940) pp. 15-20. 

197.    Eugene Ulrich, The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Origins of the Bible (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1999).

INTROS – NT

ONLY FOR SPANISH: Lactancio, (1990). Libro III: Sobre la falsa sabiduría. En Instituciones Divinas, Libros I-III (p. 304). Madrid: Editorial Gredos, S. A.